医疗观察:看微型芯片如何为助听器供电?

医疗电子创意产品

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  全球每年都有成千上万有着严重听力困难的患者需要依靠外部助听器或是耳内植入设备来听取外界的声音。耳蜗植入设备经过几十年的发展虽取得了一些成功,但这种设备仍旧要靠电池运行,非常麻烦。不过这个问题或许即将被解决:麻省理工学院(MIT)的研究团队开发出了一种只需要微弱电压就能运行的微型芯片,可从通过耳朵获得电量驱动助听设备。

  人耳的耳蜗内部有着类似电池的构造,是一个带有正负离子的天然活体电池,可以产生微弱的电压。尽管医学界早在60年前就已经肯定了这一事实,但至今还没有人尝试用它进行供电。MIT研究人员则希望利用这个电压为他们开发的微型芯片供电,从而驱动耳内助听设备正常运行。

  

  据悉,研究人员为该芯片配备了几个低电电阻和一个低功率无线电发射器。它只需从那股耳内电流中提取一小部分能量,且不会对听觉产生干扰。目前,他们已经在与人耳内部结构类似的豚鼠的耳朵里植入了这个微型电子芯片进行实验,结果很成功:该芯片在豚鼠耳内连续正常运行了5个小时,而外部接收器接收到的数据也显示豚鼠的听力没有受到芯片的影响。

  目前这项研究成果还不够成熟。研究人员担心芯片在人耳内停留时间过长可能损害内部结构,因此他们还需要对芯片进行更多试验和改善。在未来的生化领域,这项技术将十分有前景,说不准将来人体的每一个细胞都将成为独立的发电设备。

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