电子说
这一阵刚休息闲着无聊制作8X8X8光立方,应为是初学者有什么问题请见谅啊!~~~
一、光立方的基本原理
利用人眼的暂留效应,利用单片机控制LED灯泡快速的闪烁,显示出一个完整的图案!
二、使用工具和材料
(一)、使用工具:1、焊枪(不用这么好的,随便哪种便宜的也行)2、剥线钳3、锯子(要是相信自己的手工能力,就挑战手锯吧,手锯便宜啊!)4、钢尺5、电钻6、电流表(主要用来测是否焊错的)7、镊子8、热熔胶枪(可有可无)
(二)使用材料:1、单片机X1个2、最小系统X1个(带写入功能的,我这个是不带的,应为我有实验板)3、74hc136X9个4、74hc573X1个5、LED灯X516个(颜色无所谓)6、排插、排针多个(排插至少要两排,做底盘需要64个点)7、实验板(看大小购买,够用就行)8、热缩管(不用太多,够用就好)9、电线(这个要不少,看着来吧)10、20针插座1个、16针插座9个
(三)原件原理
1、74hc138:作用是用三位二进制数,来输出只有一位为零的八位二进制数
2、74hc573:锁存器,在这次中没用的什么功能,主要用来电流放大的,
OE、GNG直接地线,Vcc、LE直接接电源就行了。
三、--》电路图
应为是一个8X8X8的立体结构,用三轴坐标系就可以分别控制单一一盏灯
74hc573(Y)控制Y轴
74hc138(Z)控制Z轴
74hc138(X1~X8)控制X轴
四、制作流程
现在开始正式制作了,前面全是准备。
1、 弯LED灯的针脚,注意正负极不要搞错了,一共弯512个,多弯上几个,作为备用的。
2、 制作定位板,井字形的间隔为20mm,8行8列共计64个点,可以用纸张划线代替。(我这个其实只有7*8个实在是没大板子了!~~)
3、 用定位板焊接单一一排8个,正极正极项链焊接,中间间隔20mm,一共焊64条。
4、 64个单条焊好后,用8个单条组成一个面,这时是负极与负极相连,每条之间的间距是20mm,焊接时顺便调整阵脚,不要短路了。一共8面。
5、 焊好8面以后,就是测试环节了,负极串联起来,给每一行的正极单独供一次电观察有没有短路、没亮、亮度暗等问题的,及时更换,修理。
6、 制作插座,将排插剪开只留下中间的铜质圆柱插座,直接焊接在实验板上,横竖各8排,其中间隔20mm,共计64个点。焊好后背面每个点连出一条线,用以连接74hc138(X1~X8)。线路简单的梳理一下用东西暂时固定一下。然后在线的另一端用剪开的排针焊上一个插头,以备后面连接使用,焊好后套上热缩管(这些图片都不是当时照的,这是已经锯掉一半了,另一半和这一半一样)
7、 将8个面插到低上,将横向相邻的正极弯好后直接焊道一起,注意之间的间隔是20mm,使每一层所有灯的正极是串联在一起的,然后每一层单独引出一条线(图中的红线),分别插在74Hc573(Y)的O0~O7口上。
8、 焊好后就可以放到一边了,接下来就是焊控制电路了。
我们不用将芯片直接焊在实验板上,先焊插座,让后将芯片插进去,这样就不会出现烧坏芯片的情况了。
74hc138(X1~X8)焊接在一块将这8块芯片的Vcc、E3全部串联到一起用来输入电压,GND,E2串联到一起直接接地,然后是A、B、C、分别串联一块,分别连接单片机的P1.0口、P1.1口、P1.2口,Y0~Y7分别单独的向正面引出排插每一个口单独焊接不是串联,用来连接底座上的64个点,E1向正面单独引出一个排针,用来连接74Hc138(Z)的(Y0~Y7)。焊接完成后用万用电流表检查是否有虚焊,焊错的。
74hc138(Z)和74HC573(Y)的焊接方法都是每个针单独连接一个排针。
9、74hc138(X1~X8)焊接在一块将这8块芯片的Vcc、E3全部串联到一起用来输入电压,GND,E2串联到一起直接接地,然后是A、B、C、分别串联一块,分别连接单片机的P1.0口、P1.1口、P1.2口,Y0~Y7分别单独的向正面引出排插每一个口单独焊接不是串联,用来连接底座上的64个点,E1向正面单独引出一个排针,用来连接74Hc138(Z)的(Y0~Y7)
74hc138(Z)A、B、C口分别连接单片机的P1.3口、P1.4口、P1.2口
74hc73(Y)D0~D7八个口连接单片机的P0的八个口,OE、GNG直接地线,Vcc、LE直接接电源就行了。剩下的O0~O7口分别连接Y轴的每一层。
直接算是彻底的安装好了。
装饰用的自选项:
1、 剪裁出180mmX180mm正方形,在背面画井字形方格,间距20mm,然后再交错点处打孔。
2、 将底板锯开,接头一一对应的插入钻好的孔,用胶水固定,全部粘好后,梳理线路用热熔胶将线路粘牢,再将每一列的八条线用热缩管捆到一起。
这就算是彻底的完成了!~~~
五、程序
#include《reg52.h》
#define uint unsigned int
#define uchar unsigned char
uchar a,b,c;
uchar code TAB[]={
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};
void delay(uint z) //延时程序
{
uint x,y;
for(x=z;x》0;x--)
for(y=10;y》0;y--);
}
void xianshi1(uchar d) //显示程序
{
for(a=0;a《64;a++)
{
P0=TAB[64*d+a];
P1=a;
delay(1);
}
}
void init() //定时器初始化程序
{
TMOD=0x01;
TH0=(65536-50000)/256;
TL0=(65536-50000)%6;
EA=1;
ET0=1;
TR0=1;
a=b=c=0;
P1=0;
P0=0;
}
void main()
{
init();
while(1)
{
if(c》=50)
{
c=0;
b++;
}
xianshi1(b);
if(b》=36)
b=0;
}
}
void timer0() interrupt 1
{
TH0=(65536-50000)/256;
TL0=(65536-50000)%6;
c++;
}
程序用来显示的图案应为暂时没有时间去编了,只能靠大家来整了!~~
图案的编辑规则是:应为是每一次给Y轴一个8位的图案,所以只要64次就可以循环过来了,如图示,第一面显示完成后第二面开始显示,来回八次,直到第八面显示完成,再次转到第一面,再次循环以上步奏,因为速度哦够快,就可形成完整的图案安了。
所以如果要形成一个完整的图案就要有64个数据。
这就算是彻底的制作完成了!~~
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