ADB 使用
前言
adb，全称 Android Debug Bridge，是 Android 的命令行调试工具，可以完成多种功能，如跟踪系统日志，上传下载文件，安装应用等。
准备连接
在开发板上进入选项->开发人员选项，勾上 “USB 调试” 选项。用双公头USB数据线连接设备和主机。
Windows下的 ADB 安装
首先参照安装 RK USB 驱动一节安装好驱动。然后到 http://adbshell.com/download/download-adb-for-windows.html 下载 adb.zip，解压到C:\adb以方便调用。 打开命令行窗口，输入：
cd C:\adb adb shell
如果一切正常，就可以进入adb shell，在设备上面运行命令。
Ubuntu 下的 ADB 安装
安装 adb 工具：
sudo apt-get install android-tools-adb
加入设备标识：
mkdir -p ~/.android vi ~/.android/adb_usb.ini # 添加以下一行 0x2207
加入 udev 规则：
sudo vi /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules # 添加以下一行： SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="2207", MODE="0666"
重新插拔 USB 线，或运行以下命令，让 udev 规则生效：
sudo udevadm control --reload-rules sudo udevadm trigger
重新启动 adb 服务器
sudo adb kill-server adb start-server
常用 ADB 命令
连接管理
列出所有连接设备及其序列号
adb devices
如果有多个连接设备，则需要使用序列号来区分：
export ANDROID_SERIAL=<设备序列号> adb shell ls
可以通过网络来连接 adb：
# 让设备端的 adbd 重启，并在 TCP 端口 5555 处监听 adb tcpip 5555 # 此时可以断开 USB 连接 # 远程连接设备，设备的 IP 地址是 192.168.1.100 adb connect 192.168.1.100:5555 # 断开连接 adb disconnect 192.168.1.100:5555
调试
获取系统日志 adb logcat
用法
adb logcat [选项] [应用标签]
示例
# 查看全部日志 adb logcat # 仅查看部分日志 adb logcat -s WifiStateMachine StateMachine
运行命令 adb shell
获取详细运行信息 adb bugreport
adb bugreport用于错误报告，里面包含大量有用的信息。
示例
adb bugreport # 保存到本地，方便用编辑器查看 adb bugreport >bugreport.txt
root 权限
如果 TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT 使用的是 userdebug 模式，要获得 root 权限，需要先运行：
adb root
让 adb 的设备端切换到 root 权限模式，这样 adb remount 等需要 root 权限的命令才会成功。
应用管理
安装应用 adb install
用法：
adb install [选项] 应用包.apk
选项包括：
-l forward-lock -r 重新安装应用，保留原先数据 -s 安装到 SD 卡上，而不是内部存储
示例：
# 安装 facebook.apk adb install facebook.apk # 升级 twitter.apk adb install -r twitter.apk
如果安装成功，工具会返回成功提示 “Success”；失败的话，一般是以下几种情况:
INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS: 此时需要用 -r 参数来重新安装。
INSTALL_FAILED_SIGNATURE_ERROR: 应用的签名不一致，可能是发布版和调试版签名不同所致。如果确认 APK 文件签名正常，可以用 adb uninstall 命令先卸载旧的应用，然后再安装。
INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE: 存储空间不足，需要检查设备存储情况。
卸载应用 adb uninstall
用法：
adb uninstall 应用包名称
示例：
adb uninstall com.android.chrome
应用包名称可以用以下命令列出：
adb shell pm list packages -f
运行结果是：
package:/system/app/Bluetooth.apk=com.android.bluetooth
前面是 apk 文件，后面则是对应的包名称。
命令行帮助信息 adb help
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.31 -a - directs adb to listen on all interfaces for a connection -d - directs command to the only connected USB device returns an error if more than one USB device is present. -e - directs command to the only running emulator. returns an error if more than one emulator is running. -s - directs command to the device or emulator with the given serial number or qualifier. Overrides ANDROID_SERIAL environment variable. -p - simple product name like 'sooner', or a relative/absolute path to a product out directory like 'out/target/product/sooner'. If -p is not specified, the ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT environment variable is used, which must be an absolute path. -H - Name of adb server host (default: localhost) -P - Port of adb server (default: 5037) devices [-l] - list all connected devices ('-l' will also list device qualifiers) connect [:] - connect to a device via TCP/IP Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified. disconnect [[:]] - disconnect from a TCP/IP device. Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified. Using this command with no additional arguments will disconnect from all connected TCP/IP devices. device commands: adb push [-p] - copy file/dir to device ('-p' to display the transfer progress) adb pull [-p] [-a] [] - copy file/dir from device ('-p' to display the transfer progress) ('-a' means copy timestamp and mode) adb sync [ ] - copy host->device only if changed (-l means list but don't copy) (see 'adb help all') adb shell - run remote shell interactively adb shell - run remote shell command adb emu - run emulator console command adb logcat [ ] - View device log adb forward --list - list all forward socket connections. the format is a list of lines with the following format: " " " " "\n" adb forward - forward socket connections forward specs are one of: tcp: localabstract: localreserved: localfilesystem: dev: jdwp: (remote only) adb forward --no-rebind - same as 'adb forward ' but fails if is already forwarded adb forward --remove - remove a specific forward socket connection adb forward --remove-all - remove all forward socket connections adb jdwp - list PIDs of processes hosting a JDWP transport adb install [-l] [-r] [-d] [-s] [--algo --key --iv ] - push this package file to the device and install it ('-l' means forward-lock the app) ('-r' means reinstall the app, keeping its data) ('-d' means allow version code downgrade) ('-s' means install on SD card instead of internal storage) ('--algo', '--key', and '--iv' mean the file is encrypted already) adb uninstall [-k] - remove this app package from the device ('-k' means keep the data and cache directories) adb bugreport - return all information from the device that should be included in a bug report. adb backup [-f ] [-apk|-noapk] [-obb|-noobb] [-shared|-noshared] [-all] [-system|-nosystem] [] - write an archive of the device's data to . If no -f option is supplied then the data is written to "backup.ab" in the current directory. (-apk|-noapk enable/disable backup of the .apks themselves in the archive; the default is noapk.) (-obb|-noobb enable/disable backup of any installed apk expansion (aka .obb) files associated with each application; the default is noobb.) (-shared|-noshared enable/disable backup of the device's shared storage / SD card contents; the default is noshared.) (-all means to back up all installed applications) (-system|-nosystem toggles whether -all automatically includes system applications; the default is to include system apps) ( is the list of applications to be backed up. If the -all or -shared flags are passed, then the package list is optional. Applications explicitly given on the command line will be included even if -nosystem would ordinarily cause them to be omitted.) adb restore - restore device contents from the backup archive adb help - show this help message adb version - show version num scripting: adb wait-for-device - block until device is online adb start-server - ensure that there is a server running adb kill-server - kill the server if it is running adb get-state - prints: offline | bootloader | device adb get-serialno - prints: adb get-devpath - prints: adb status-window - continuously print device status for a specified device adb remount - remounts the /system partition on the device read-write adb reboot [bootloader|recovery] - reboots the device, optionally into the bootloader or recovery program adb reboot-bootloader - reboots the device into the bootloader adb root - restarts the adbd daemon with root permissions adb usb - restarts the adbd daemon listening on USB adb tcpip - restarts the adbd daemon listening on TCP on the specified port networking: adb ppp [parameters] - Run PPP over USB. Note: you should not automatically start a PPP connection. refers to the tty for PPP stream. Eg. dev:/dev/omap_csmi_tty1 [parameters] - Eg. defaultroute debug dump local notty usepeerdns adb sync notes: adb sync [ ] can be interpreted in several ways: - If is not specified, both /system and /data partitions will be updated. - If it is "system" or "data", only the corresponding partition is updated. environmental variables: ADB_TRACE - Print debug information. A comma separated list of the following values 1 or all, adb, sockets, packets, rwx, usb, sync, sysdeps, transport, jdwp ANDROID_SERIAL - The serial number to connect to. -s takes priority over this if given. ANDROID_LOG_TAGS - When used with the logcat option, only these debug tags are printed.
