The required FPGA files and .tcl
scripts can be downloaded from here:
Once downloaded, unzip these files to a folder on the desktop called QuadMxFE (this directory will be used in XSCT).
The main IIO interface is provided in the install of IIO Oscilloscope which uses LibIIO to communicate through IIO to the chips on the Quad MxFE board. The install process for IIO Oscilloscope and a walkthrough of opening the program can be found here: Quick Start IIO Oscilloscope.
PuTTY helps to provide a view into the Linux and give additional controls and debug abilities. Putty can be downloaded from here Putty Download Page. Ensure that the proper version for the computer is downloaded (64 bit for a 64 bit PC). Once downloaded the COM port to the FPGA can be opened. This COM port can be identified through the device manager as the standard COM port:
In PuTTY, this should be opened with a baudrate of 115200.
In order to program the FPGA, the Vitis/Vivado tool suite is required: Vivado Toolchain. Grab the Self Extracting Web Installer from the full product installation section and run the installer. Choose the Vitis installation option which will include the Vivado install.
The main tool used for programming the FPGA is the Xilinx Software Commandline Tool is a tool included as part of the installation of the Xilinx Vitis platform. An example sequence of commands will resemble what is below. However, this will vary depending on the location of the files and programming will be performed later.
Xilinx Software Commandline Tool (XSCT) v2019.1 Build date : May 24 2019-15:06:52 Copyright 1986-2018 Xilinx, Inc. All Rights Reserved. xsct% cd Desktop/Quad_Mxfe_Files xsct% source run.vcu118_quad_ad9081_204b_txmode_9_rxmode_10.tcl
MATLAB is used to exercise the board through LibIIO objects and provide higher level application functionality. In order to work with the platform, a number of toolboxes and support packages are required:
Example Quad-MxFE MATLAB scripts are provided:
Example Quad-MxFE MATLAB Scripts
This section assumes the following:
192.168.2.1
. This assumes that the USB to Ethernet dongle has been configured with an IP address of 192.168.2.x
where x
represents a number 0 to 255 (excluding 1). This can be seen in the image. These settings are accessed (in Windows 10) by typing Network into the start menu then choose the “change adapter options” select and right click on the USB to Ethernet dongle. Select properties from the right click menu. Once the IP has been set, it will be remembered on the computer. Click ok on both windows to close and save the Dongle IP settings. The power up sequence is not difficult:
Once these are powered up, program the FPGA:
cd Desktop/QuadMxFE
If the files were unzipped somewhere else, then change directory to that folder.
source run.vcu118_quad_ad9081_204c_txmode_11_rxmode_4.tcl
The statement above will launch the programming of the first build, but the others can be run by changing the name of the particular .tcl file to be loaded
UN: root PW: analog
The Quad-MxFE Platform can be controlled via MATLAB using example scripts which are available as part of the Analog Devices, Inc. High Speed Converter Toolbox add-on. This add-on can either be manually downloaded or downloaded and installed via MATLAB Add-On Explorer. Please ensure you have installed both the Analog Devices, Inc. High Speed Converter Toolbox as well as the Communications Toolbox Support Package for Xilinx Zynq-Based Radio as shown below.
Example scripts are located within the add-on install directory, which is usually located in the
C:/Users//AppData/Roaming/MathWorks/MATLAB Add-Ons/Toolboxes
directory. The example scripts are specifically located in the following folder:
Analog Devices, Inc. High-Speed Converter Toolbox/hsx_examples/qmxfe
The control interface for the Quad-MxFE is implemented using standard system objects in MATLAB. Basic information for instantiating the objects is provided in the toolbox documentation within MATLAB and on this page. Here is an example instantiation of the objects:
>> tx = adi.QuadMxFE.Tx() tx = adi.QuadMxFE.Tx with properties: ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipA: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipB: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipC: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipD: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] MainNCOFrequenciesChipA: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOFrequenciesChipB: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOFrequenciesChipC: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOFrequenciesChipD: [0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOPhasesChipA: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOPhasesChipB: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOPhasesChipC: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOPhasesChipD: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] MainNCOPhasesChipA: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOPhasesChipB: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOPhasesChipC: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOPhasesChipD: [0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOGainScalesChipA: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOGainScalesChipB: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOGainScalesChipC: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOGainScalesChipD: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] NCOEnablesChipA: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] NCOEnablesChipB: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] NCOEnablesChipC: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] NCOEnablesChipD: [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] EnableResampleFilters: 0 CalibrationBoardAttached: false uri: 'ip:analog' EnabledChannels: 1 DataSource: 'DMA' EnableCyclicBuffers: false >> rx = adi.QuadMxFE.Rx() rx = adi.QuadMxFE.Rx with properties: ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipA: [0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipB: [0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipC: [0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipD: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOFrequenciesChipA: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOFrequenciesChipB: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOFrequenciesChipC: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOFrequenciesChipD: [0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOPhasesChipA: [0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOPhasesChipB: [0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOPhasesChipC: [0 0 0 0] ChannelNCOPhasesChipD: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOPhasesChipA: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOPhasesChipB: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOPhasesChipC: [0 0 0 0] MainNCOPhasesChipD: [0 0 0 0] TestModeChipA: 'off' TestModeChipB: 'off' TestModeChipC: 'off' TestModeChipD: 'off' EnablePFIRsChipA: false EnablePFIRsChipB: false EnablePFIRsChipC: false EnablePFIRsChipD: false PFIRFilenamesChipA:PFIRFilenamesChipB:
PFIRFilenamesChipC:PFIRFilenamesChipD:
ExternalAttenuation: 0 SamplesPerFrame: 32768 EnableResampleFilters: 0 CalibrationBoardAttached: false uri: 'ip:analog' EnabledChannels: 1
This folder also contains a driver file CalBoardVCU118.m
for controlling the optional 16 Tx / 16 Rx Calibration Board via the VCU118 PMOD interface intended to mate to the Quad-MxFE Platform. This driver file allows the user to perform the following functions after instantiation using CalibrationBoard = CalBoardVCU118
:
CalibrationBoard.ConfigureCombinedLoopback
: Loop Combined Tx Channels Back Into Combined Rx PathCalibrationBoard.ConfigureAdjacentIndividualLoopback
: Loop Individual Tx Channels Back Into Adjacent Rx PathCalibrationBoard.ConfigureTxOutSMA
: Send Combined Tx Channels Out J502
SMA Connector For Off-Board AnalysisCalibrationBoard.ConfigureRxInFromSMA
: Send Combined Rx Input Into J501
SMA Connector & Inject Into All Rx ChannelsCalibrationBoard.ConfigureTxOutToLTC5596
: Send Combined Tx Channel Signal Into LTC5596 Power DetectorCalibrationBoard.QueryAD8318_voltage
: Poll the Measured AD8318 Power Detector Voltage From the On-Board AD5592R ADCCalibrationBoard.QueryHMC948_voltage
: Poll the Measured HMC948 Power Detector Voltage From the On-Board AD5592R ADCCalibrationBoard.QueryLTC5596_voltage
: Poll the Measured LTC5596 Power Detector Voltage From the On-Board AD5592R ADC
If the user intends to use the 16 Tx / 16 Rx Calibration Board in their analysis, then be sure to enable tx.CalibrationBoardAttached = 1
and rx.CalibrationBoardAttached = 1
in the tx and rx channel initialization.
For convenience, there is also a function file available named LoadVcu118Code.m
which allows the user to load new .tcl files via the MATLAB interface that correspond to the available use cases presently supported with the Quad-MxFE Platform. These .tcl files can be obtained from the .zip file download available on the Quad-MxFE Software Quick Start Guide. The default configuration for the example scripts is such that the code is commented for this function, but the user can uncomment it at the beginning of loading the new bitstream, then execute the function and re-comment it so that the system doesn't boot each time the script is run. Be sure to wait until the system fully boots prior to executing any additional MATLAB scripting. The boot process can take a few minutes and status can be obtained via a terminal window such as PuTTY. Please install the Vivado Toolchain in order to know the path for the Xilinx Software Command Line Tool (XSCT) to be able to utilize this feature.
LoadVcu118Code(xsctpath,tclpath)
: First parameter: Installed xsct.bat folder; 2nd Parameter: Downloaded ./run.tcl' file location
Presently there are three MATLAB example scripts. The default uri for the connection to the VCU118 is 192.168.2.1
. Please ensure that no VPN connection is present when trying to establish a connection to the Quad-MxFE Platform.
These three scripts perform the following applications:
The default test setup for this script uses the 16Tx/16Rx Calibration Board as shown below in which each Tx channel is looped back into the adjacent Rx channel after going through a 10dB attenuator on the 16Tx/16Rx Calibration Board.
This script is to be used with the Analog Devices Quad-MxFE Platform to demonstrate relatively simple MATLAB control of the system. It allows the user to configure the Tx and Rx aspects of the system by using the tx = adi.QuadMxFE.Tx
and rx = adi.QuadMxFE.Rx
system objects. The script then loads transmit waveforms and captures receive data for all channels on the system. All enabled Rx channels are then plotted in both the time domain and the frequency domain as an overlay plot. The script also polls the measured temperatures of the four ADF4371 and four AD9081 in the system and then plots those temperatures. No Rx nor Tx calibration is performed, nor are any multi-chip synchronization algorithms. The default configuration for this script uses the 16 Tx / 16 Rx Calibration Board in adjacent individual loopback mode. If the user does not have this part of the platform they will need to ensure they modify the script accordingly.
Using this script as a basis, the user can modify the script for their own use case such that they can:
tx(waveformDataMatrix)
tx.MainNCOFrequenciesChipA
or tx.ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipA
tx.MainNCOPhasesChipA
or tx.ChannelNCOPhasesChipA
rxData=rx()
rx.MainNCOFrequenciesChipA
or rx.ChannelNCOFrequenciesChipA
rx.MainNCOPhasesChipA
or rx.ChannelNCOPhasesChipA
rx.ExternalAttenuation
More information can be found on the Tx and Rx system objects by typing within the MATLAB Command Window help adi.QuadMxFE.Tx
and/or help adi.QuadMxFE.Rx
and then selecting the 'Documentation for adi.QuadMxFE.Tx' hyperlink. NCO frequencies/phases can be changed real-time using the respective Tx or Rx system object. If, at any point, the user tries to load a different buffer size into the Tx waveforms they will need to first release(tx)
and then call tx
once more. Likewise, if a different sized data capture is needed, then first issue a release(rx)
before changing rx.SamplesPerFrame
.
The default test setup for this script uses the 16Tx/16Rx Calibration Board as shown below in which each Tx channel is combined and then looped back into the combined Rx path after going through a 2dB attenuator on the 16Tx/16Rx Calibration Board. The combined Rx signal is then split into each Rx channel.
This script is to be used with the Analog Devices Quad-MxFE Platform to demonstrate MATLAB control of the programmable finite impulse response (pFIR) filters and NCO phase offsets in order to phase align all Rx and Tx channels in the system. It allows the user to configure the Tx and Rx aspects of the system and then load transmit waveforms and capture receive data for all channels on the system. The script uses the on-system DSP blocks to phase-align the ADF4371 device clocks by a PLL Synthesizer Phase Adjustment Process. After this, it phase-aligns all Tx channels and then loads a broadband chirp waveform into each Tx channel which spans the frequency range of the Tx I/Q data rate. It ends by also phase- and amplitude-aligning all Rx RF channels using the NCO phase offsets and pFIRs assigned to each Rx channel. It shows the process by which a calculated error response (with respect to Rx0 as the baseline) can be used to generate a 96-tap real pFIR design and then how to quantize and load that pFIR design into the system. Finally, it plots the results to determine the phase and amplitude alignment accuracy. It provides an example of how to use pFIRs with the system to obtain Rx channel equalization and gain flatness.
The output of this script are a few pFIR configuration files with a filename, for example QuadMxFE_DualReal_CH0and1_3.2GHz.cfg
, for all the Rx channels. Additionally, many figures are plotted to aid with system analysis:
Figure 1: The Tx phase-alignment results are shown using the pulsed baseband waveform in which only one Tx channel is output at a time but still uses the same Tx waveform matrix. After combining all the Tx channels however using the 16Tx/16Rx Calibration Board, and then injecting this signal into the first Rx channel of each MxFE (Rx0, Rx4, Rx8, and Rx12), the ADF4371 phases are adjusted to ensure that the pulse phases of Tx0, Tx4, Tx8, and Tx12 are aligned. The top plots show the time response of received pulse trains, whereas the bottom plots show the cross-correlation of these signals with respect to Rx0.
Figure 2: The Tx phases of the pulsed waveform used to determine Tx alignment is shown. A common receiver (Rx0) detects a pulse train with the number of pulses equal to the number of enabled Tx channels in the system. The phase of each pulse directly relates to the phase of the Tx channel. The bottom plot shows the phase alignment of all Tx pulses, which therefore correspond to phase-alignment of all Tx channels.
Figure 3: Shows the time domain ADC capture, corresponding chirp FFT, and amplitude and phase errors for each channel with respect to Rx0 both before and after Rx calibration.
Figure 4: Shows the calculated error response of each Rx channel in terms of its phase and amplitude error prior to Rx calibration.
Figure 5: Presents the magnitude and phase response of the designed pFIRs based on that calculated error response.
Figure 6: Shows the individual pFIR tap coefficients both before and after quantization for each Rx channel.
Figure 7: Shows the combined Rx system performance using a single-tone waveform after all Rx channels are phase- and amplitude-aligned.
This script is to be used with the Analog Devices Quad-MxFE Platform to demonstrate MATLAB control of the system. It allows the user to configure the Tx and Rx aspects of the system and then load transmit waveforms and capture receive data for all channels on the system. The script uses the on-system DSP blocks to align the device clocks and output/input RF channels using the NCO phase offsets. Finally, it plots the results of a multi-chip synchronization (MCS) algorithm and allows the user to save a .mat file containing the run results.
This .mat file, if saved to the
./Baseline Files Using ADF4371 Phase Adjustment/Align Using Tx/
directory after the first time the script is run, can be used as a baseline power-up synchronization comparison to subsequent script executions. In this way, the user can determine the performance of the MCS features on the platform and view the deterministic phase relationship of the NCO phase offsets for a given NCO frequency. The open circles are grabbed from the baseline in the directory shown above, whereas the solid dots are the new NCO phase offsets after a subsequent power cycle or script execution.
The test setup is the same as that used for the QuadMxFE_SystemAlignmentFIR.m script. More information on MCS can be found in the Multi-Chip Synchronization with the Quad-MxFE + Calibration Board User Guide.
The output of this script includes a .mat file containing the script execution results with a filename dependent on the system configuration and date of execution; for example 3.2GHz_AlignADF4371s_1_AlignPLLRxs_0_1.9531MHzOffset_14_56_24__11_11_2020.mat. Additionally, many figures are plotted to aid with system analysis:
Figure 1: The ADF4371 PLL/synthesizer calibration results are shown on the top-left two plots, showing the alignment of each zeroth Tx channel on each MxFE in the platform. The two right plots show the time domain data capture after injecting a CW tone into each Tx channel, the corresponding normalized cross-correlation for each Rx channel after calibration, the FFT of that time domain capture, and the combined 16-channel FFT showing the improved noise floor performance.
Figure 2: The Tx phase-alignment results are shown using the pulsed baseband waveform in which only one Tx channel is output at a time but still uses the same Tx waveform matrix. After combining all the Tx channels however using the 16Tx/16Rx Calibration Board, and then injecting this signal into the first Rx channel of each MxFE (Rx0, Rx4, Rx8, and Rx12), the ADF4371 phases are adjusted to ensure that the pulse phases of Tx0, Tx4, Tx8, and Tx12 are aligned. The top plots show the time response of received pulse trains, whereas the bottom plots show the cross-correlation of these signals with respect to Rx0.
Figure 3: If attached, Figure 3 shows the 16Tx/16Rx Calibration Board's adjacent loopback performance.
Figure 4: A full I/Q band chirp signal is injected into each Tx channel and a corresponding data capture is performed. Then a single-frequency CW signal is injected into each Tx channel and a corresponding data capture is performed. The left side of the figure shows the individual time domain and frequency domain results, as well as the combined Rx performance. The right side shows similar results for the single-frequency CW signal.
Figure 5: The MCS results from running the script are shown. The left-most plot shows the comparison between the new (solid dots) and baseline (open circles) Rx NCO phase offsets. The second-from-the-left plot shows the comparison between the new (solid dots) and baseline (open circles) Tx NCO phase offsets. If MCS is functioning as expected the solid dots should be inside the open circles. The second-from-the-right plot shows the phase adjustment applied to each ADF4371 PLL/synthesizer IC on the system and the corresponding thermal gradients measured for each MxFE and PLL chip. The right-most plot shows the SYSREF phase stability at different portions of the script's execution.
The Quad-MxFE Platform is capable of configuring each AD9081 into a mode such that the digitized ADC output can be sent through the DDCs and looped back on-chip into the DUCs prior to being synthesized by the DACs. This allows the user to bypass the JESD204c digital interface and therefore achieve a low-latency loopback capability.
The default test setup for this script is shown below. This MATLAB script provides an example of this for all MxFEs in the system. If the user injects a combined Rx signal into J501
of the 16Tx/16Rx Calibration Board and connects the combined Tx output to J502
of the Calibration Board to a spectrum analyzer, then after running this script the user can then change the input frequency and/or amplitude to observe the repeating or frequency translating functions.
If no blue lights are visible on the board, then the PLLs are not locked. The most likely cause of this is the lack of a 500MHz source into J41. Check the input power and state of the source. It should be 500MHz @ ~0dBm. Once the 500MHz signal is verified, the FPGA programming must be rerun.
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