鸿蒙系统中如何实现通知功能

描述

HarmonyOS 通过 ANS(Advanced Notification Service,即通知增强服务)系统服务来为应用程序提供发布通知的能力。

通知提供应用的即时消息或通信消息,用户可以直接删除或点击通知触发进一步的操作。

功能介绍

HarmonyOS 提供了通知功能,即在一个应用的 UI 界面之外显示的消息,主要用来提醒用户有来自该应用中的信息。

当应用向系统发出通知时,它将先以图标的形式显示在通知栏中,用户可以下拉通知栏查看通知的详细信息。

常见的使用场景:

显示接收到短消息、即时消息等。

显示应用的推送消息,如广告、版本更新等。

显示当前正在进行的事件,如播放音乐、导航、下载等。

开发指南

通知的开发指导分为创建 NotificationSlot、发布通知和取消通知等开发场景。

①创建 NotificationSlot

代码如下:

NotificationSlot slot = new NotificationSlot(“slot_001”, “slot_default”, NotificationSlot.LEVEL_MIN); // 创建notificationSlot对象

slot.setLevel(LEVEL_HIGH);//设置通知优先级

slot.setDescription(“NotificationSlotDescription”);

slot.setEnableVibration(true); // 设置振动提醒

slot.setLockscreenVisibleness(NotificationRequest.VISIBLENESS_TYPE_PUBLIC);//设置锁屏模式

slot.setEnableLight(true); // 设置开启呼吸灯提醒

slot.setLedLightColor(Color.RED.getValue());// 设置呼吸灯的提醒颜色try {

NotificationHelper.addNotificationSlot(slot);

} catch (RemoteException ex) {

HiLog.warn(LABEL, “addNotificationSlot occur exception.”);

}

②发布通知

构建 NotificationRequest 对象:

request = new NotificationRequest(notificationId);

request.setSlotId(slot.getId());

调用 setContent() 设置通知的内容:

NotificationRequest.NotificationLongTextContent content = new NotificationRequest.NotificationLongTextContent();

content.setTitle(title)

.setText(messageContent);

NotificationRequest.NotificationContent notificationContent = new NotificationRequest.NotificationContent(

content);

request.setGroupValue(“group information”);

request.setContent(notificationContent); // 设置通知的内容

request.setTapDismissed(!tapDismissed);//设置用户点击通知后自动消失

调用 publishNotification() 发布通知:

try {

NotificationHelper.publishNotification(request);

} catch (RemoteException ex) {

HiLog.warn(LABEL, “publishNotification occur exception.”);

}

③取消通知

如下:

调用cancelNotification()取消指定的单条通知。

try {

NotificationHelper.cancelNotification(notificationId);

} catch (RemoteException ex) {

HiLog.error(LABEL, “Exception occurred during cancelNotification invocation.”);

}

调用cancelAllNotifications()取消所有通知。

try {

NotificationHelper.cancelAllNotifications();

} catch (RemoteException ex) {

HiLog.error(LABEL, “Exception occurred during cancelAllNotifications invocation.”);

}

④通过 IntentAgent 触发通知的跳转

代码如下:

//点击通知,跳转至指定的Ability

Intent intent1 = new Intent();

// 指定要启动的Ability的BundleName和AbilityName字段

Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder()

.withDeviceId(“”)

.withBundleName(“com.example.myapplication”)

.withAbilityName(“com.example.myapplication.SecondAbility”)

.build();

// 将Operation对象设置到Intent中

intent1.setOperation(operation);

List《Intent》 intentList = new ArrayList《》();

intentList.add(intent1);

// 定义请求码int requestCode = 200;

// 设置flags

List《IntentAgentConstant.Flags》 flags = new ArrayList《》();

flags.add(IntentAgentConstant.Flags.UPDATE_PRESENT_FLAG);

// 指定启动一个有页面的Ability

IntentAgentInfo paramsInfo = new IntentAgentInfo(requestCode,

IntentAgentConstant.OperationType.START_ABILITY, flags, intentList, null);

// 获取IntentAgent实例

IntentAgent agent = IntentAgentHelper.getIntentAgent(context, paramsInfo);

//5.设置通知的IntentAgent

request.setIntentAgent(agent);

实现效果图:

附上源码:

NotificationUtils:

public class NotificationUtils {

private static final int LEVEL_HIGH = 4;

private static NotificationRequest request;

private static final int MY_MODULE = 0x00201;

private static final HiLogLabel LABEL = new HiLogLabel(HiLog.LOG_APP, MY_MODULE, “MY_TAG”);

private static final boolean tapDismissed = false;

//3.调用publishNotification()发送通知

public static void publishNotification() {

try {

NotificationHelper.publishNotification(request);

} catch (RemoteException ex) {

HiLog.warn(LABEL, “publishNotification occur exception.”);

}

}

public static void initNotificationSlot(Context context, int notificationId, String title,

String messageContent) {

//1.创建NotificationSlot

NotificationSlot slot = new NotificationSlot(“slot_001”, “slot_default”, NotificationSlot.LEVEL_MIN); // 创建notificationSlot对象

slot.setLevel(LEVEL_HIGH);//设置通知优先级

slot.setDescription(“NotificationSlotDescription”);

slot.setEnableVibration(true); // 设置振动提醒

slot.setLockscreenVisibleness(NotificationRequest.VISIBLENESS_TYPE_PUBLIC);//设置锁屏模式

slot.setEnableLight(true); // 设置开启呼吸灯提醒

slot.setLedLightColor(Color.RED.getValue());// 设置呼吸灯的提醒颜色

try {

NotificationHelper.addNotificationSlot(slot);

} catch (RemoteException ex) {

HiLog.warn(LABEL, “addNotificationSlot occur exception.”);

}

request = new NotificationRequest(notificationId);

request.setSlotId(slot.getId());

NotificationRequest.NotificationLongTextContent content = new NotificationRequest.NotificationLongTextContent();

content.setTitle(title)

.setText(messageContent);

NotificationRequest.NotificationContent notificationContent = new NotificationRequest.NotificationContent(

content);

request.setGroupValue(“group information”);

request.setContent(notificationContent); // 设置通知的内容

request.setTapDismissed(!tapDismissed);//设置用户点击通知后自动消失

//4.返回应用,首先获取IntentAgent

Intent intent1 = new Intent();

// 指定要启动的Ability的BundleName和AbilityName字段

Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder()

.withDeviceId(“”)

.withBundleName(“com.example.myapplication”)

.withAbilityName(“com.example.myapplication.SecondAbility”)

.build();

// 将Operation对象设置到Intent中

intent1.setOperation(operation);

List《Intent》 intentList = new ArrayList《》();

intentList.add(intent1);

// 定义请求码

int requestCode = 200;

// 设置flags

List《IntentAgentConstant.Flags》 flags = new ArrayList《》();

flags.add(IntentAgentConstant.Flags.UPDATE_PRESENT_FLAG);

// 指定启动一个有页面的Ability

IntentAgentInfo paramsInfo = new IntentAgentInfo(requestCode,

IntentAgentConstant.OperationType.START_ABILITY, flags, intentList, null);

// 获取IntentAgent实例

IntentAgent agent = IntentAgentHelper.getIntentAgent(context, paramsInfo);

//5.设置通知的IntentAgent

request.setIntentAgent(agent);

}

}

MainAbilitySlice:

public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice implements ClickedListener {

@Override

public void onStart(Intent intent) {

super.onStart(intent);

super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);

//通知

Text notification = (Text) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_notification);

notification.setClickedListener(this);

//通知标题

String title =“测试通知”;

//通知内容文本

String content=“通知的内容已经到了!”;

NotificationUtils.initNotificationSlot(this,1,title,content);

}

@Override

public void onActive() {

super.onActive();

}

@Override

public void onForeground(Intent intent) {

super.onForeground(intent);

}

@Override

public void onClick(Component component) {

switch (component.getId()){

case ResourceTable.Id_text_notification:

NotificationUtils.publishNotification();

break;

}

}

}

ability_main.xml:

《?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“utf-8”?》《DirectionalLayout

xmlns:ohos=“http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos”

ohos:height=“match_parent”

ohos:orientation=“vertical”

ohos:width=“match_parent”》

《Text

ohos:id=“$+id:text_notification”

ohos:width=“match_parent”

ohos:height=“match_content”

ohos:text_size=“25fp”

ohos:top_margin=“300vp”

ohos:left_margin=“15vp”

ohos:right_margin=“15vp”

ohos:background_element=“$graphic:background_text”

ohos:text=“通知”

ohos:text_weight=“1000”

ohos:text_alignment=“horizontal_center”/》《/DirectionalLayout》

background_text.xml:

《?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“utf-8”?》《shape xmlns:ohos=“http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos”

ohos:shape=“rectangle”》

《corners

ohos:radius=“20”/》

《solid

ohos:color=“#a5b3a9”/》《/shape》

责任编辑:haq

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