Android编程精选
2022-08-30
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描述
Netty 是一个利用 Java 的高级网络的能力,隐藏其背后的复杂性而提供一个易于使用的 API 的客户端/服务器框架。
Maven依赖
io.netty netty-all 4.1.36.Final
SpringBootApplication
启动器中需要new一个NettyServer,并显式调用启动netty。
@SpringBootApplication public class SpringCloudStudyDemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudStudyDemoApplication.class,args); try { new NettyServer(12345).start(); System.out.println("https://blog.csdn.net/moshowgame"); System.out.println("http://127.0.0.1:6688/netty-websocket/index"); }catch(Exception e) { System.out.println("NettyServerError:"+e.getMessage()); } } }
NettyServer
启动的NettyServer,这里进行配置
/** * NettyServer Netty服务器配置 * @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net * @date 2019-06-12 */ public class NettyServer { private final int port; public NettyServer(int port) { this.port = port; } public void start() throws Exception { EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { ServerBootstrap sb = new ServerBootstrap(); sb.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024); sb.group(group, bossGroup) // 绑定线程池 .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) // 指定使用的channel .localAddress(this.port)// 绑定监听端口 .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer
() { // 绑定客户端连接时候触发操作 @Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { System.out.println("收到新连接"); //websocket协议本身是基于http协议的,所以这边也要使用http解编码器 ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpServerCodec()); //以块的方式来写的处理器 ch.pipeline().addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws", null, true, 65536 * 10)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyWebSocketHandler()); } }); ChannelFuture cf = sb.bind().sync(); // 服务器异步创建绑定 System.out.println(NettyServer.class + " 启动正在监听: " + cf.channel().localAddress()); cf.channel().closeFuture().sync(); // 关闭服务器通道 } finally { group.shutdownGracefully().sync(); // 释放线程池资源 bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync(); } } }
MyChannelHandlerPool
通道组池,管理所有websocket连接
/** * MyChannelHandlerPool * 通道组池,管理所有websocket连接 * @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net * @date 2019-06-12 */ public class MyChannelHandlerPool { public MyChannelHandlerPool(){} public static ChannelGroup channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE); }
MyWebSocketHandler
处理ws一下几种情况:
channelActive与客户端建立连接
channelInactive与客户端断开连接
channelRead0客户端发送消息处理
/** * NettyServer Netty服务器配置 * @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net * @date 2019-06-12 */ public class NettyServer { private final int port; public NettyServer(int port) { this.port = port; } public void start() throws Exception { EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { ServerBootstrap sb = new ServerBootstrap(); sb.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024); sb.group(group, bossGroup) // 绑定线程池 .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) // 指定使用的channel .localAddress(this.port)// 绑定监听端口 .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer() { // 绑定客户端连接时候触发操作 @Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { System.out.println("收到新连接"); //websocket协议本身是基于http协议的,所以这边也要使用http解编码器 ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpServerCodec()); //以块的方式来写的处理器 ch.pipeline().addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws", "WebSocket", true, 65536 * 10)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyWebSocketHandler()); } }); ChannelFuture cf = sb.bind().sync(); // 服务器异步创建绑定 System.out.println(NettyServer.class + " 启动正在监听: " + cf.channel().localAddress()); cf.channel().closeFuture().sync(); // 关闭服务器通道 } finally { group.shutdownGracefully().sync(); // 释放线程池资源 bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync(); } } }
socket.html
主要是连接ws,发送消息,以及消息反馈
Netty-Websocket
Controller
写好了html当然还需要一个controller来引导页面。
@RestController public class IndexController { @GetMapping("/index") public ModelAndView index(){ ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView("socket"); mav.addObject("uid", RandomUtil.randomNumbers(6)); return mav; } }
效果演示
改造netty支持url参数
1.首先,调整一下加载handler的顺序,优先MyWebSocketHandler在WebSocketServerProtocolHandler之上。
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyWebSocketHandler()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws", null, true, 65536 * 10)); 2.其次,改造MyWebSocketHandler 的channelRead方法,首次连接会是一个FullHttpRequest类型,可以通过FullHttpRequest.uri()获取完整ws的URL地址,之后接受信息的话,会是一个TextWebSocketFrame类型。
public class MyWebSocketHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler { @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { System.out.println("与客户端建立连接,通道开启!"); //添加到channelGroup通道组 MyChannelHandlerPool.channelGroup.add(ctx.channel()); } @Override public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { System.out.println("与客户端断开连接,通道关闭!"); //添加到channelGroup 通道组 MyChannelHandlerPool.channelGroup.remove(ctx.channel()); } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { //首次连接是FullHttpRequest,处理参数 by zhengkai.blog.csdn.net if (null != msg && msg instanceof FullHttpRequest) { FullHttpRequest request = (FullHttpRequest) msg; String uri = request.uri(); Map paramMap=getUrlParams(uri); System.out.println("接收到的参数是:"+JSON.toJSONString(paramMap)); //如果url包含参数,需要处理 if(uri.contains("?")){ String newUri=uri.substring(0,uri.indexOf("?")); System.out.println(newUri); request.setUri(newUri); } }else if(msg instanceof TextWebSocketFrame){ //正常的TEXT消息类型 TextWebSocketFrame frame=(TextWebSocketFrame)msg; System.out.println("客户端收到服务器数据:" +frame.text()); sendAllMessage(frame.text()); } super.channelRead(ctx, msg); } @Override protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, TextWebSocketFrame textWebSocketFrame) throws Exception { } private void sendAllMessage(String message){ //收到信息后,群发给所有channel MyChannelHandlerPool.channelGroup.writeAndFlush( new TextWebSocketFrame(message)); } private static Map getUrlParams(String url){ Map map = new HashMap<>(); url = url.replace("?",";"); if (!url.contains(";")){ return map; } if (url.split(";").length > 0){ String[] arr = url.split(";")[1].split("&"); for (String s : arr){ String key = s.split("=")[0]; String value = s.split("=")[1]; map.put(key,value); } return map; }else{ return map; } } } 3.html中的ws地址也进行改造
socket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:12345/ws?uid=666&gid=777"); 4.改造后控制台输出情况
收到新连接 与客户端建立连接,通道开启! 接收到的参数是:{"uid":"666","gid":"777"} /ws 客户端收到服务器数据:142531:这里输入消息 客户端收到服务器数据:142531:这里输入消息 客户端收到服务器数据:142531:这里输入消息
failed: WebSocket opening handshake timed out
听说是ssl wss的情况下才会出现,来自 @around-gao 的解决方法: 把MyWebSocketHandler和WebSocketServerProtocolHandler调下顺序就好了。
审核编辑:彭静
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