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本系列是关于用Rust构建一个KV Server的系列文章,内容包括用tokio做底层异步网络通讯、使用toml文件做配置、protobuf做传输协议、内存/RockDB做数据存储、事件通知、优雅关机、并发连接限制及测量监控等。
让我们先使用tokio实现一个简单的Client & Server通讯模型,然后在此基础上逐步实现上面提及的各项内容。
创建一个新项目:
cargo new --lib kvserver_rust
在Cargo.toml文件中加入tokio依赖:
[dependencies]
tokio = { version = "1.19", features = ["full"] }
Server
在src目录下创建bin文件夹,然后创建kv_server.rs文件:
use anyhow::Result;
use tokio::{
io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt},
net::TcpListener,
};
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), BoxError>> {
let addr = "127.0.0.1:19999";
let listener = TcpListener::bind(addr).await?;
println!("Listening on {addr} ......");
loop {
let (mut stream, addr) = listener.accept().await?;
println!("Client: {:?} connected", addr);
tokio::spawn(async move {
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 1024];
loop {
let n = stream.read(&mut buf).await.expect("从Socket读取数据失败!");
if n == 0 {
return;
}
stream
.write_all(&buf[0..n])
.await
.expect("向Socket写入数据失败!");
}
});
}
}
在"127.0.0.1:19999"地址监听客户端的连接,收到客户端发来的信息后再返回给客户端。
Client
在src/bin目录下创建kv_client.rs文件:
use anyhow::Result;
use tokio::{
io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt},
net::TcpStream,
};
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box>> {
let addr = "127.0.0.1:19999";
let mut stream = TcpStream::connect(addr).await?;
let n = stream.write(b"Hello, world!").await?;
println!("Send info successed!n = {n}");
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 1024];
let n = stream.read(&mut buf).await.expect("从Socket读取数据失败!");
println!("Receive info:{}, n = {n}", String::from_utf8(buf).unwrap());
Ok(())
}
连接server端"127.0.0.1:19999"这个地址,向Server端发送"Hello, world!"消息,然后再接收Server端返回的消息。
打开两个终端,分别执行:
cargo run --bin kv_server
cargo run --bin kv_client
执行结果
kv_server:
Listening on 127.0.0.1:19999 ......
Client: 127.0.0.1:51724 connected
kv_client:
Send info successed!n = 13
Receive info:Hello, world!, n = 13
配置文件
使用 toml 做配置文件,serde 来处理配置的序列化和反序列化。在项目根目录下新建conf目录,并在下面新建server.conf文件:
[listen_address]
addr = '127.0.0.1:19999'
和client.conf文件:
[connect_address]
server_addr = '127.0.0.1:19999'
新建src/config.rs文件:
use std::{error::Error, fs};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
// Server端配置
#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct ServerConfig {
pub listen_address: ListenAddress,
}
// 监听地址
#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct ListenAddress {
pub addr: String,
}
// Client端配置
#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct ClientConfig {
pub connect_address: ConnectAddress,
}
// 连接地址
#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct ConnectAddress {
pub server_addr: String,
}
impl ServerConfig {
// 加载Server端配置文件
pub fn load(path: &str) -> Result<Self, Box> {
let config = fs::read_to_string(path)?;
let server_conf: Self = toml::from_str(&config)?;
Ok(server_conf)
}
}
impl ClientConfig {
// 加载Client端配置文件
pub fn load(path: &str) -> Result<Self, Box> {
let config = fs::read_to_string(path)?;
let client_conf: Self = toml::from_str(&config)?;
Ok(client_conf)
}
}
然后在lib.rs中加入:
mod config;
pub use config::*;
修改src/bin/kv_server.rs代码:
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box> {
let server_conf = ServerConfig::load("conf/server.conf")?;
let listen_addr = server_conf.listen_address.addr;
let listener = TcpListener::bind(&listen_addr).await?;
println!("Listening on {} ......", listen_addr);
......
}
修改src/bin/kv_client.rs代码:
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), BoxError>> {
let client_conf = ClientConfig::load("conf/client.conf")?;
let connect_addr = client_conf.connect_address.server_addr;
let mut stream = TcpStream::connect(&connect_addr).await?;
......
}
运行kv_sever和kv_client后,执行结果与上面一致。
下一篇文章我们将使用Protobuf来实现客户端与服务器之间的通信协议层。
完整代码:
https://github.com/Justin02180218/kv_server_rust
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