来源:公众号【网络技术干货圈】
作者:圈圈
ID:wljsghq
一、实验及需求
1、实验题
2、需求
[ ] 内网全通及内网通信外网
[ ] 外网不能ping内网PC及Server
二、思维想法
[ ] 先配置好所有端口的IP及交换机/PC机/路由器之间的连接模式
[ ] 然后配置好R1和R2的互相之间的默认路由
[ ] 再配置好内网的OSPF及RIP
[ ] 接着配置好默认路由下发和OSPF与RIP之间的互相注入
[ ] 最后配置ACL访问控制列表,完成外网不能ping内网的需求
三、实验步骤
1、配置
R1
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]int g0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 202.2.2.1 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 202.2.12.1 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [Huawei]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]ip route-s 0.0.0.0 0 202.2.12.2
R2
u t m Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user- con 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]id 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]int g0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 202.2.12.2 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 10.1.113.1 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 10.1.111.2 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g2/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]ip add 10.1.112.2 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 [Huawei-ospf-1]default-route-advertise [Huawei-ospf-1]area 0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.113.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.111.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.112.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q [Huawei-ospf-1]q [Huawei]acl 3000 [Huawei-acl-adv-3000]rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.0.0 0.0.255.255 [Huawei-acl-adv-3000]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 3000 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [Huawei]ip route-s 0.0.0.0 0 202.2.12.1 [Huawei]acl 3002 [Huawei-acl-adv-3002]rule deny icmp source 202.2.0.0 0.0.255.255 destination 10.1.0.0 0.0.255.255 [Huawei-acl-adv-3002]int g0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]traffic-filter inbound acl 3002
R3
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.113.2 255.255.255.0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.1.134.1 255.255.255.0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [Huawei]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 [Huawei-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 type 1 cost 1 [Huawei-ospf-1]area 0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.113.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q [Huawei-ospf-1]q [Huawei]rip [Huawei-rip-1]default-route originate [Huawei-rip-1]undo summary [Huawei-rip-1]v 2 [Huawei-rip-1]net 10.0.0.0 [Huawei-rip-1]net 3.0.0.0 [Huawei-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 cost 14
R4
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] ip address 10.1.134.2 255.255.255.0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 10.1.135.1 255.255.255.0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutd Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown. [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/0.21 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.21]dot1q termination vid 21 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.21] ip address 10.1.21.1 255.255.255.0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.21]arp broadcast enable [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.21]int g0/0/0.22 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.22]dot1q termination vid 22 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.22] ip address 10.1.22.1 255.255.255.0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.22]arp broadcast enable [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.22]q [Huawei]rip [Huawei-rip-1]undo summary [Huawei-rip-1]v 2 [Huawei-rip-1]net 10.0.0.0 [Huawei-rip-1]net 4.0.0.0
R5
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.1.135.2 255.255.255.0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.100.1 255.255.255.0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]rip [Huawei-rip-1]undo summary [Huawei-rip-1]v 2 [Huawei-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0 [Huawei-rip-1]network 5.0.0.0
LSW1
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]vlan bat 11 12 1001 Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [Huawei]int vlan 11 [Huawei-Vlanif11]ip add 10.1.11.1 24 [Huawei-Vlanif11]int vlan 12 [Huawei-Vlanif12]ip add 10.1.12.1 24 [Huawei-Vlanif12]int vlan 1001 [Huawei-Vlanif1001]ip add 10.1.111.1 24 [Huawei-Vlanif1001]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 11.11.11.11 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]int Eth-Trunk 1 [Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk [Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]int g 0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 11 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 12 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g 0/0/3 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 1001 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]int g 0/0/4 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]Eth-Trunk 1 Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]int g 0/0/5 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]Eth-Trunk 1 Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]q [Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11 [Huawei-ospf-1]area 0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.111.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 11.11.11.11 0.0.0.0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.11.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
LSW2
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]vlan bat 13 14 1002 Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [Huawei]int vlan 13 [Huawei-Vlanif13]ip add 10.1.13.1 24 [Huawei-Vlanif13]int vlan 14 [Huawei-Vlanif14]ip add 10.1.14.1 24 [Huawei-Vlanif14]int vlan 1002 [Huawei-Vlanif1002]ip add 10.1.112.1 24 [Huawei-Vlanif1002]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 22.22.22.22 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]int Eth-Trunk 1 [Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk [Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]int g0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 13 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 14 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 1002 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]int g0/0/4 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]Eth-Trunk 1 Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]int g0/0/5 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]Eth-Trunk 1 Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]q [Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 22.22.22.22 Info: The configuration succeeded. You need to restart the OSPF process to valid ate the new router ID. [Huawei-ospf-1]area 0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.112.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 22.22.22.22 0.0.0.0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.13.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.14.0 0.0.0.255
LSW3
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]vlan 11 [Huawei-vlan11]interface Ethernet0/0/1 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 11 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]interface Ethernet0/0/2 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 11
LSW4
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]vlan 12 [Huawei-vlan12]q [Huawei]interface Ethernet0/0/1 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1] port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1] port default vlan 12 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]interface Ethernet0/0/2 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 12
LSW5
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]vlan 13 [Huawei-vlan13]q [Huawei]interface Ethernet0/0/1 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1] port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 13 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]interface Ethernet0/0/2 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 13
LSW6
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]vlan 14 [Huawei-vlan14]q [Huawei]interface Ethernet0/0/1 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1] port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 14 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]interface Ethernet0/0/2 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 14
LSW7
undo terminal monitor Info: Current terminal monitor is off. sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]user-interface console 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0 [Huawei-ui-console0]q [Huawei]vlan bat 21 22 Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [Huawei]interface Ethernet0/0/1 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 21 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]interface Ethernet0/0/2 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan all [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]interface Ethernet0/0/3 [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type access [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]port default vlan 22
2.连通性(太多了,只能举例说明了)
我们就拿Server、PC1及PC6之间的通信举例
Server连通PC1及PC6
PC1连通PC6及Server
PC>ping 202.2.2.100 Ping 202.2.2.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break From 202.2.2.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=47 ms From 202.2.2.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=47 ms From 202.2.2.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=63 ms From 202.2.2.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=62 ms From 202.2.2.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=94 ms --- 202.2.2.100 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 47/62/94 ms PC>ping 10.1.100.100 Ping 10.1.100.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break From 10.1.100.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=250 time=62 ms From 10.1.100.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=250 time=109 ms From 10.1.100.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=250 time=79 ms From 10.1.100.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=250 time=63 ms From 10.1.100.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=250 time=78 ms --- 10.1.100.100 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 62/78/109 ms
PC6连通PC1及Server
PC>ping 10.1.11.100 Ping 10.1.11.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! --- 10.1.11.100 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 0 packet(s) received 100.00% packet loss PC>ping 10.1.100.100 Ping 10.1.100.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! --- 10.1.100.100 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 0 packet(s) received 100.00% packet loss
总结
实际上,题目很简单,只要思维条理清晰,一步一步顺着思维来做,不仅能顺利完成实验需求,而且哪怕出了问题,也能轻松的排障,所以说,思维很重要,清晰的思维能更好的完成现实中繁重的工作。
简单的来说,就是化一个繁为多个简,轻松完成工作。
审核编辑:汤梓红
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