bitbake使用教程

14.5.2 开发第一个应用程序

1安装工具链

对于需要在不同的HOST主机上针对于G2L RemiPI进行应用开发，我们需要手动安装上一章节生成的工具链程序，才可以进行后续的开发操作。

首先我们将poky-glibc-x86_64-myir-image-full-aarch64-myir-remi-1g-toolchain-3.1.20.sh工具链拷贝至ubuntu虚拟机家目录下，拷贝完成后，直接执行即可开始安装，参考步骤如下。

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ubuntu@ubuntu2004:~$ ls poky-glibc-x86_64-myir-image-full-aarch64-myir-remi-1g-toolc
hain-3.1.20.sh -l
-rwxr-xr-x 1 ubuntu ubuntu 1967617427 May 9 05:23 poky-glibc-x86_64-myir-image-full-
aarch64-myir-remi-1g-toolchain-3.1.20.sh
ubuntu@ubuntu2004:~$ ./poky-glibc-x86_64-myir-image-full-aarch64-myir-remi-1g-toolch
ain-3.1.20.sh Each time you wish to use the SDK in a new shell session, you need to s
ource the environment setup script e.g.
$ . /opt/remi-sdk/environment-setup-aarch64-poky-linux
$ . /opt/remi-sdk/environment-setup-armv7vet2hf-neon-vfpv4-pokymllib32-linux-gnueab
i

 

安装时，会弹出对话框，提示输入安装路径，以及是否安装，具体操作参考下图所示：

2测试工具链

执行`source /opt/poky/3.1.20/environment-setup-aarch64-poky-linux`与`$CC-v`两条命令：

出现以上信息，表示SDK安装成功，接下来就可以直接使用安装好的SDK进行应用开发。

配置完成工具链以后会有一下编译器名称，分别是：

➢CC

➢CFLAGS

➢CXX

➢CXXFLAGS

➢LD

➢LDFLAGS

➢ARCH

➢CROSS_COMPILE

➢GDB

➢OBJDUMP

编译器。

C标志，由C编译器使用。

C++编译器。

C++标志，由CPP使用

链接器。

链接标志，由链接器使用。

芯片架构名称。

用于内核编译。

调试器。

objdump。

如果你需要编译系统镜像配套的应用程序，则需要在编译时指定sysroot对应的lib库与头文件。

lib64库路径

/opt/poky/3.1.20/sysroots/aarch64-poky-linux/usr/lib64

头文件路径

/opt/poky/3.1.20/sysroots/aarch64-poky-linux/usr/include

3编写应用程序

接下来使用c语言编写一个简单的helloword程序，通过前面我们安装好的工具链交叉编译，最后上传至G2L RemiPI安装。

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#include 


int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
 printf("Hello RemiPi!!
");
 return 0;
}

 

设置环境变量，编译hello.c文件。

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ubuntu@ubuntu2004:~$ source /opt/poky/3.1.20/environment-setup-aarch64-poky-linux
ubuntu@ubuntu2004:~$ $CC hello.c -o hello
In file included from /opt/poky/3.1.20/sysroots/aarch64-poky-linux/usr/include/bits/
libc-header-start.h:33,
 from /opt/poky/3.1.20/sysroots/aarch64-poky-linux/usr/include/stdio.
h:27,
 from hello.c:1:
/opt/poky/3.1.20/sysroots/aarch64-poky-linux/usr/include/features.h:397:4: warning: 
#warning _FORTIFY_SOURCE requires compiling with optimization (-O) [-Wcpp]
# warning _FORTIFY_SOURCE requires compiling with optimization (-O)
 ^~~~~~~
ubuntu@ubuntu2004:~$ file hello
hello: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, ARM aarch64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linke
d, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1, for GNU/Linux 3.14.0, BuildID[sha1]=eb5
28014693897face9614c09959056f19759777, with debug_info, not stripped

 

4上传并运行

编译完成后，通过前面章节介绍的SCP方式，发送到开发板内，然后运行，即可看到C程序打印的Hello RemiPi!!

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ubuntu@ubuntu2004:~/C-Test$ scp hello root@192.168.5.9:/mnt/
hello 100% 13KB 
2.1MB/s 00:00

 

在开发板上执行hello程序：

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root@myir-remi-1g:/mnt# ls
hello
root@myir-remi-1g:/mnt# ./hello
Hello RemiPi!!

 

14.6bitbake使用

14.6.1 显示编译过程

bitbake-v <>

14.6.2 清除编译数据

bitbake-c cleanall recipe_name

清除包括clean、cleanall、cleanstate

14.6.3 编译过程的信息

附带debug信息：

bitbake-vDD

14.6.4 查看某个配方的任务

（{recipe}_{version}.bb）：

bitbake-c listtasks recipe_name

14.6.5 显示所有配方的版本

当前版本和首选版本：

bitbake-s

14.6.6 构建一个recipe

执行该recipe的所有tasks：

bitbade recipe-name

14.6.7 执行某个recipe的.bb文件

bitbake-b {recipe}_{version}.bb

14.6.8 只运行recipe中的某个task

bitbake-c your-task recipe-name

常见task：

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do_build Default task for a recipe - depends on all other normal
tasks required to 'build' a recipe

 

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do_checkuri Validates the SRC_URI value

 

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do_checkuriall Validates the SRC_URI value for all recipes required t
o build a target

 

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do_clean Removes all output files for a target
do_cleanall Removes all output files, shared state cache, and downl
oaded source files for a target

 

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do_cleansstate Removes all output files and shared state cache for a t
arget

 

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do_compile Compiles the source in the compilation directory

 

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do_configure Configures the source by enabling and disabling any bui
ld-time and configuration options for the software being built

 

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do_devpyshell Starts an interactive Python shell for development/deb
ugging

 

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do_devshell Starts a shell with the environment set up for developm
ent/debugging

 

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do_fetch Fetches the source code

 

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do_fetchall Fetches all remote sources required to build a target

 

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do_install Copies files from the compilation directory to a holdin
g area

 

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do_listtasks Lists all defined tasks for a target

 

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do_package Analyzes the content of the holding area and splits it 
into subsets based on available packages and files

 

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do_package_qa Runs QA checks on packaged files

 

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do_package_qa_setscene Runs QA checks on packaged files (setscene version)

 

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do_package_setscene Analyzes the content of the holding area and splits it
into subsets based on available packages and files (setscene version)

 

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do_package_write_ipk Creates the actual IPK packages and places them in the
Package Feed area

 

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do_package_write_ipk_setscene Creates the actual IPK packages and places them in the
Package Feed area (setscene version)

 

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do_packagedata Creates package metadata used by the build system to ge
nerate the final packages

 

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do_packagedata_setscene Creates package metadata used by the build system to g
enerate the final packages (setscene version)

 

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do_patch Locates patch files and applies them to the source code

 

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do_populate_lic Writes license information for the recipe that is coll
ected later when the image is constructed

 

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do_populate_lic_setscene Writes license information for the recipe that is coll
ected later when the image is constructed (setscene version)

 

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do_populate_sysroot Copies a subset of files installed by do_install into 
the sysroot in order to make them available to other recipes

 

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do_populate_sysroot_setscene Copies a subset of files installed by do_install into 
the sysroot in order to make them available to other recipes (setscene version)

 

 

do_prebuilt 
do_recipe_sanity 
do_recipe_sanity_all

 

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do_unpack Unpacks the source code into a working directory

 

下载（fetch）、解包（unpack）、打补丁（patch）、配置（configure）、编译（compile）、安装（install）、打包（package）、staging、做安装包

（package_write_ipk）、构建文件系统等。

14.6.9 有错继续执行

bitbake-k recipe-name

14.6.10 显示包的依赖关系

注意必须是发行版包含的包才可以显示

14.6.11 查看bitbake的版本信息

bitbake--version

14.6.12 bitbake使用说明

bitbake--help