淘宝买家秀 API开发实录Python（2025）
电子说
描述
在电商开发这片江湖闯荡了八年，遭遇过的难题多如牛毛，其中淘宝买家秀 API 接口的对接经历，更是一段充满波折与惊喜的 “冒险”。今天，就来给大伙讲讲这背后的故事，顺便分享些经过实战打磨的代码干货，让大家少走点弯路，更高效地获取淘宝买家秀数据。
还记得初次接触淘宝买家秀 API接口时，那叫一个信心满满，觉得不就是按文档调个接口，获取点数据嘛，能有多难？结果现实立马给了我一记响亮的耳光。申请接入的过程就不顺利，淘宝开放平台对开发者资质审核相当严格，各种资料反复提交、修改，足足等了三个工作日才通过。注册拿到[App Key]和[App Secret]，本以为胜利在望，谁知道[签名验证]又成了拦路虎。淘宝的签名算法在文档里写得晦涩难懂，参数排序、加密方式稍有差错，就会收到`40001`签名错误提示。我对着文档研究了整整两天，眼睛都快瞪出火花了，还在各大技术论坛疯狂搜索，终于写出了正确的签名生成函数：
python
```
import hashlib
import hmac
import time
import urllib.parse
def generate_sign(params, app_secret):
sorted_params = sorted(params.items(), key=lambda x: x[0])
sign_str = app_secret
for k, v in sorted_params:
sign_str += f"{k}{v}"
sign_str += app_secret
return hmac.new(
app_secret.encode(), sign_str.encode(), hashlib.sha256
).hexdigest().upper()
```
解决了签名问题，本以为能顺风顺水调用接口了，可新的麻烦接踵而至。接口调用频率限制让我头疼不已，当时为了快速采集大量买家秀数据，没控制好请求频率，短时间内发送了太多请求，结果直接被淘宝封了 IP，还收到警告邮件。这下只能乖乖研究淘宝的限流规则，用[漏桶算法]写了个频率控制类，来限制请求发送的频率：
python
```
import time
class LeakyBucket:
def __init__(self, capacity, rate):
self.capacity = capacity
self.rate = rate
self.tokens = capacity
self.last_update = time.time()
def consume(self, tokens=1):
now = time.time()
# 补充令牌
self.tokens = min(
self.capacity, self.tokens + (now - self.last_update) * self.rate
)
self.last_update = now
if self.tokens >= tokens:
self.tokens -= tokens
return True
return False
# 使用示例
bucket = LeakyBucket(capacity=100, rate=20) # 容量100，每秒补充20个令牌
if bucket.consume():
# 调用API
response = requests.get(api_url)
else:
time.sleep(0.1) # 等待令牌补充
```
python数据实例
```
{
"items": {
"total_results": 2000,
"totalpage": 1000,
"page_size": 20,
"has_more": "true",
"uuid": "eb189144-7814-443f-b68a-0401be50be02",
"page": 0,
"item": [
{
"rate_content": "好好好",
"display_user_nick": "雨天",
"pics": null,
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/429445756537.mp4"
},
{
"rate_content": "好康好康",
"display_user_nick": "y-z^o^",
"pics": null,
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/431029819603.mp4"
},
{
"rate_content": "收到货啦，发货速度很快，好喜欢这个外套，质量好，穿上修身很显瘦！！爱了爱了",
"display_user_nick": "仙女n",
"pics": null,
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/424509061030.mp4"
},
{
"rate_content": "衣服很好看，和图片呈现效果一模一样，没有色差，非常修身，穿出来很有气质，材质也很好，秋冬穿正好合适，非常满意，是一次很不错的购物体验",
"display_user_nick": "樱时小涵",
"pics": [
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01MlKqDZ1pG6h7clTmn_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01iuPVia1pG6h5k9MVW_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01wvqHqu1pG6h3s6tey_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01NmW36k1pG6h2dBSJi_!!0-tbbala.jpg"
],
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/424509061030.mp4"
},
{
"rate_content": "外套特别好看，是我最喜欢的粉色粉粉嫩嫩的，版型特别显瘦，搭配裙子或者裤子都超好看",
"display_user_nick": "自然醒",
"pics": [
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01MlKqDZ1pG6h7clTmn_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01iuPVia1pG6h5k9MVW_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01wvqHqu1pG6h3s6tey_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01NmW36k1pG6h2dBSJi_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01jTGm5h2LCVIvEtncc_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01M3JUaz2LCVIwI1COw_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01JGVtVx2LCVIziN0zg_!!0-tbbala.jpg"
],
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/424509061030.mp4"
},
{
"rate_content": "面料很好穿的很合身",
"display_user_nick": "公主没烦恼",
"pics": [
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01MlKqDZ1pG6h7clTmn_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01iuPVia1pG6h5k9MVW_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01wvqHqu1pG6h3s6tey_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01NmW36k1pG6h2dBSJi_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01jTGm5h2LCVIvEtncc_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01M3JUaz2LCVIwI1COw_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01JGVtVx2LCVIziN0zg_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01gbwwsj1d1epRAa51i_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01nItKpz1d1epHIyBHa_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01IiBbNd1d1epPAC0UM_!!0-tbbala.jpg"
],
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/424509061030.mp4"
},
{
"rate_content": "尺码合适 超级喜欢！",
"display_user_nick": "就就",
"pics": [
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01MlKqDZ1pG6h7clTmn_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01iuPVia1pG6h5k9MVW_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01wvqHqu1pG6h3s6tey_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01NmW36k1pG6h2dBSJi_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01jTGm5h2LCVIvEtncc_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01M3JUaz2LCVIwI1COw_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01JGVtVx2LCVIziN0zg_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01gbwwsj1d1epRAa51i_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01nItKpz1d1epHIyBHa_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01IiBbNd1d1epPAC0UM_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01C2wRXm1TfN3XDuues_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01N9dljz1TfN3XDuAwR_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01cEKlX21TfN3PWgYlJ_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01t8daCX1TfN3cHSiV2_!!0-tbbala.jpg"
],
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/424509061030.mp4"
},
{
"rate_content": "真的超级好看谁懂啊非常显瘦 面料也很舒服",
"display_user_nick": "敲醒了月亮9",
"pics": [
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01MlKqDZ1pG6h7clTmn_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01iuPVia1pG6h5k9MVW_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01wvqHqu1pG6h3s6tey_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01NmW36k1pG6h2dBSJi_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01jTGm5h2LCVIvEtncc_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01M3JUaz2LCVIwI1COw_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01JGVtVx2LCVIziN0zg_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01gbwwsj1d1epRAa51i_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01nItKpz1d1epHIyBHa_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01IiBbNd1d1epPAC0UM_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01C2wRXm1TfN3XDuues_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01N9dljz1TfN3XDuAwR_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01cEKlX21TfN3PWgYlJ_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01t8daCX1TfN3cHSiV2_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN014mKjlx1lrQVaeT6YU_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01RswQSs1lrQVhSr3c8_!!0-tbbala.jpg"
],
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/424509061030.mp4"
},
{
"rate_content": "这款粉色修身外套真的肌理感很强 整体版型也很好 质感简直拉满 拍照超出片 真的很喜欢❤衣服穿了好几次都不起球 u0014Ŀ洗了几次也不掉色 质量真的很好 这个价格也很合适 想不到这个价格能买到这样超质量的衣服",
"display_user_nick": "程龙平131",
"pics": [
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01MlKqDZ1pG6h7clTmn_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01iuPVia1pG6h5k9MVW_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01wvqHqu1pG6h3s6tey_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01NmW36k1pG6h2dBSJi_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01jTGm5h2LCVIvEtncc_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01M3JUaz2LCVIwI1COw_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01JGVtVx2LCVIziN0zg_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01gbwwsj1d1epRAa51i_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01nItKpz1d1epHIyBHa_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01IiBbNd1d1epPAC0UM_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01C2wRXm1TfN3XDuues_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01N9dljz1TfN3XDuAwR_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01cEKlX21TfN3PWgYlJ_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw1.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01t8daCX1TfN3cHSiV2_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw3.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN014mKjlx1lrQVaeT6YU_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01RswQSs1lrQVhSr3c8_!!0-tbbala.jpg",
"https://gw.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN015Jv7BE1oN9CF28EBo_!!2-rate.png",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01UcBhcj1oN9CDQXKpm_!!0-rate.jpg",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01NWmWdz1oN9CEF0L2f_!!2-rate.png",
"https://gw2.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01dJ67Wi1oN9CC48Gp7_!!2-rate.png",
"https://gw.alicdn.com/tfscom/O1CN01jI0rTW1oN9C9AAAcU_!!2-rate.png"
],
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/424509061030.mp4"
```
数据到手后，才发现这只是万里长征第一步。淘宝买家秀数据格式极为复杂，包含文字评论、图片、视频、评分、追评等多种类型，不同类型数据结构差异巨大。拿图片处理来说，买家上传的图片尺寸、格式各不相同，要在页面上合理展示，得进行大量格式转换和尺寸缩放操作。为了处理这些问题，我引入了`Pillow`图像处理库，写了个图片格式统一和尺寸调整函数：
python
```
from PIL import Image
import os
def process_image(image_path, target_size=(800, 600), output_format="JPEG"):
try:
img = Image.open(image_path)
img = img.resize(target_size, Image.ANTIALIAS)
output_path = os.path.splitext(image_path)[0] + f".{output_format.lower()}"
img.save(output_path, output_format)
return output_path
except Exception as e:
print(f"图片处理错误: {e}")
return None
# 示例调用
image_path = "path/to/your/image.jpg"
processed_image = process_image(image_path)
```
还有一回，客户要求实时监控自家商品买家秀，一有新内容就及时推送通知。这可难不倒我，通过设置合适的时间间隔，不断调用淘宝买家秀 API 获取最新数据。但很快又出现新问题，每次获取买家秀都要从第一页开始查，效率极低。后来我发现接口可以通过评论时间戳来筛选，只获取上次查询时间之后的新内容，大大提高了效率，代码如下：
python
```
import requests
import time
# 假设last_query_time是上次查询时间戳
def get_new_buyer_shows(last_query_time, app_key, app_secret, num_iid):
params = {
"method": "taobao.item_review_show",
"app_key": app_key,
"num_iid": num_iid,
"start_date": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(last_query_time)),
"timestamp": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
"format": "json",
"v": "2.0",
}
params["sign"] = generate_sign(params, app_secret)
response = requests.get(
"https://eco.taobao.com/router/rest", params=params
)
data = response.json()
if data["code"] == "200":
new_buyer_shows = data["item_review_show_response"]["reviews"]
return new_buyer_shows
else:
print(f"错误码: {data['code']}, 消息: {data.get('msg', '未知错误')}")
return []
# 示例调用
last_query_time = 1690000000 # 假设初始时间戳
app_key = "your_app_key"
app_secret = "your_app_secret"
num_iid = "123456789" # 商品ID
new_buyer_shows = get_new_buyer_shows(last_query_time, app_key, app_secret, num_iid)
if new_buyer_shows:
for show in new_buyer_shows:
print(f"用户: {show['user_nick']}, 评论: {show['rate_content']}")
```
在开发一个电商商品分析平台时，需要将买家秀数据和商品其他信息整合展示，还要对大量数据进行高效存储和查询。我选用了`MongoDB`数据库，因为它的文档型结构非常适合存储这种格式多变的买家秀数据。为了实现数据的快速插入和查询，编写了以下操作数据库的函数：
python
```
from pymongo import MongoClient
def connect_mongo():
client = MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
return client["your_database_name"]
def insert_buyer_show(db, buyer_show_data):
collection = db["buyer_shows"]
result = collection.insert_one(buyer_show_data)
return result.inserted_id
def get_buyer_shows_by_item_id(db, num_iid):
collection = db["buyer_shows"]
return list(collection.find({"num_iid": num_iid}))
# 示例调用
db = connect_mongo()
new_show = {
"num_iid": "123456789",
"user_nick": "example_user",
"rate_content": "商品很不错",
"pics": ["pic_url_1", "pic_url_2"]
}
inserted_id = insert_buyer_show(db, new_show)
shows = get_buyer_shows_by_item_id(db, "123456789")
```
这些年在淘宝买家秀 API 接口开发上，靠着不断踩坑、填坑，积累了不少实战经验。每次攻克一个难题，都感觉自己在技术之路上又迈进了一大步
审核编辑 黄宇
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