电子说
在音频硬件设计领域,一款优秀的评估板对于快速验证和应用编解码器的功能至关重要。今天我们就来深入探讨CRD42L51参考设计,它为CS42L51低功耗立体声编解码器提供了便捷的评估途径。
文件下载:CRD42L51.pdf
CRD42L51评估板具备诸多实用特性,非常适合对CS42L51编解码器感兴趣的工程师进行快速评估。其特点包括超小布局,仅需少数小型陶瓷电容和电阻等组件,就能实现指定的性能。供电方面采用单节AAA电池,通过DC - DC转换器将电压提升至3.3V,再稳压到1.8V为CS42L51供电,充分展现了CS42L51即使在低供电电压下,其内部接地中心放大器仍能为耳机负载提供充足功率的能力。
它拥有1/8”立体声输入,可允许高达2Vrms的信号输入,板载麦克风能展示CS42L51可编程增益放大器(PGA)和麦克风前置放大器的高动态范围。同时,具备1/8”立体声耳机输出插孔和S/PDIF输入(CS8416接收器),还提供了灵活的用户界面,通过4个按钮和16个LED组成的用户界面,可对CS42L51的寄存器进行操作,并控制编解码器、晶体振荡器和S/PDIF接收器之间的时钟和数据路由。
| 具体的按钮控制功能如下表所示: | Pushbutton Control | Key Press | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| SELECT (only) < | Left/Up Navigation - Shifts the focus between functions. A blinking LED indicates which func- tion has received focus. | ||
| (only) > | Right/Down Navigation - Shifts the focus between functions. A blinking LED indicates which function has received focus. | ||
| (simultaneously) < AND > | Enables/Disables the function that is in - focus. When the selected function is enabled AND in - focus, the associated LED blinks ON, periodically, with a longer duty cycle. | ||
| ADJUST (only) - | Decreases the volume level of the function that is in - focus. Increases the threshold level of the ALC/Limiter when either is in - focus. | ||
| (only) + | Increases the volume level of the function that is in - focus. Decreases the threshold level of the ALC/Limiter when either is in - focus. | ||
| (simultaneously) - AND + | Enables/Disables confirmation/error beeps. |
| 不同功能的开启和关闭状态通过LED的照明情况来显示,具体如下: | Function | State/LED Illumination | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reset | ON | CS42L51, CS8416, optical receiver, oscillator held in reset and disabled. | |
| OFF | CS42L51, oscillator out of reset. CS8416 and optical receiver controlled by S/PDIF function. The Line function is enabled automatically. | ||
| Standby | ON | CS8416, optical receiver, oscillator held in reset and disabled; CS42L51 soft powered down. | |
| OFF | All devices out of reset; CS42L51 powered up, register settings restored. | ||
| Line | ON | Stereo Line Input selected, unmuted; MIC powered down. | |
| OFF | Stereo Line Input muted. | ||
| MIC | ON | Mono MIC selected, powered up, unmuted; Line disabled. | |
| OFF | MIC muted. | ||
| S/PDIF | ON | S/PDIF Input selected, unmuted; CS8416 and optical receiver powered up. (Line or MIC mixed with S/PDIF if enabled.) | |
| OFF | S/PDIF Input muted; CS8416 and optical receiver powered down. | ||
| Bass | ON | Tone Control enabled, Bass corner frequency set to 200 Hz, Treble corner frequency set to 7 kHz. | |
| OFF | Tone Control (Bass and Treble) disabled. | ||
| Treble | ON | Tone Control enabled, Bass corner frequency set to 200 Hz, Treble corner frequency set to 7 kHz. | |
| OFF | Tone Control (Bass and Treble) disabled. | ||
| Limiter | ON | Limiter enabled, attack rate set to 0x02, release rate set to 0x3D. | |
| OFF | Limiter disabled. | ||
| ALC | ON | ALC enabled, attack rate set to 0x02, release rate set to 0x3D. | |
| OFF | ALC disabled. |
| 电平表通过LED的亮度来指示不同输入源的音量和阈值水平,具体对应关系如下: | Level Meter (LED Luminosity) | Level (dB) | ALC/Limiter Threshold (dB) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Line/SPDIF | MIC | Bass/Treble | MAX | MIN/Cushion | ||
| LED12_ON | +6.0 | +44.0 | +12.0 | -18.0 | -24.0 | |
| LED12_75% | +4.0 | +42.5 | +10.5 | - | - | |
| LED12_50% | +2.0 | +41.0 | - | - | - | |
| LED12_25% | +0.0 | +39.5 | +9.0 | - | - | |
| LED13_ON | -1.5 | +38.0 | +7.5 | -12.0 | -18.0 | |
| LED13_75% | -3.0 | +36.5 | +6.0 | - | - | |
| LED13_50% | -4.5 | +35.0 | - | - | - | |
| LED13_25% | -6.0 (default) | +33.5 | +4.5 | - | - | |
| LED14_ON | -7.5 | +32.0 (default) | +3.0 | -9.0 | -12.0 | |
| LED14_75% | -9.0 | +30.5 | +1.5 | - | - | |
| LED14_50% | -11.0 | +29.0 | - | - | - | |
| LED14_25% | -13.0 | +27.5 | +0.0 (default) | - | - | |
| LED15_ON | -16.0 | +26.0 | -1.5 | -6.0 (default) | -9.0 (default) | |
| LED15_75% | -19.0 | +24.5 | -3.0 | - | - | |
| LED15_50% | -22.0 | +23.0 | - | - | - | |
| LED15_25% | -26.0 | +21.5 | -4.5 | - | - | |
| LED16_ON | -30.0 | +20.0 | -6.0 | -3.0 | -6.0 | |
| LED16_75% | -35.0 | +18.5 | -7.5 | - | - | |
| LED16_50% | -40.0 | +17.0 | - | - | - | |
| LED16_25% | -45.0 | +15.5 | -9.0 | - | - | |
| LED16_OFF | -51.5 | +14.0 | -10.5 | +0.0 | -3.0 |
单节AAA电池为板子供电,DC - DC转换器将电池电压提升至3.3V,再稳压到1.8V为CS42L51供电。CS42L51的接口逻辑部分工作在3.3V,而其模拟/数字核心和耳机供电则使用1.8V,这种供电方式充分体现了CS42L51在低电压下的性能优势。
微控制器负责根据用户通过4个按钮的输入,控制CS42L51、CS8416和振荡器之间的数字信号路由。上电后,它会自动将板子初始化为预定义的设置。
CS42L51的详细描述可参考其产品数据表。上电后,微控制器会自动将其配置为默认设置,后续可根据用户通过4个按钮的输入进行修改。
CS8416将来自光连接器的输入S/PDIF数据流转换为PCM数据供CS42L51使用。S/PDIF输入可与线路或麦克风输入混合,此时编解码器的时钟源来自CS8416。若S/PDIF源不可用导致接收器错误,微控制器会自动将系统主时钟切换到振荡器,以确保线路或麦克风输入的不间断运行。
当数字音频接收器断电或出现接收器错误时,板载振荡器提供系统主时钟。其选择会根据用户输入和系统状态自动确定。
1/8”插孔通过交流耦合无源滤波器提供线路电平模拟输入。CS42L51输入前的分压器允许高达2Vrms的信号输入。若要放大较小的信号,可启用自动电平控制(ALC),CS42L51会结合集成的可编程增益放大器(PGA)根据需要应用高达 +12dB的模拟增益。板载表面贴装麦克风连接到CS42L51的一个输入,并与线路输入进行复用,线路或麦克风输入均可与S/PDIF输入混合。
1/8”插孔输出CS42L51接地中心耳机放大器的信号。由电阻/电容对组成的负载稳定电路使放大器除了能驱动线路电平负载外,还能驱动耳机。
电源开关拨到ON位置时,AAA电池为板子供电,微控制器进行初始化。SELECT按钮用于在功能选项之间来回导航,同时按下两个SELECT按钮可切换获得焦点的功能状态。ADJUST按钮用于调整增益、衰减以及ALC和限幅器的阈值水平,同时按下两个ADJUST按钮可切换CS42L51内部蜂鸣器的状态。
功能LED用于直观显示哪些功能当前处于开启(持续照明)或关闭(无照明)状态,以及哪个功能获得了焦点(周期性照明)。电平表LED用于直观显示线路、麦克风、S/PDIF、低音和高音的音量水平以及限幅器和ALC的阈值水平。
CS42L51仅需最少的组件就能实现指定的性能结果。其集成的接地中心放大器无需笨重的直流阻断电容,仅需两个小型陶瓷电容用于电荷泵。此外,还包括负载稳定电路和电源去耦组件。参考设计中大量使用接地平面填充,可大幅降低辐射噪声。
| Connector/ Interface | Reference Designator | Input/Output | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AAA | BT1 | Input | Battery Power Supply. |
| < SELECT | S3 | Input | Pushbutton for navigating to the left or upwards. On/Off (function enable/dis - able) control when pushed simultaneously with SELECT >. |
| SELECT > | S4 | Input | Pushbutton for navigating to the right or downwards. On/Off (function enable/disable) control when pushed simultaneously with < SELECT. |
| - ADJUST | S1 | Input | Pushbutton for decreasing volume levels and increasing threshold levels. On/Off (beep enable/disable) control when pushed simultaneously with ADJUST +. |
| ADJUST + | S2 | Input | Pushbutton for increasing volume levels and decreasing threshold levels. On/Off (beep enable/disable) control when pushed simultaneously with ADJUST +. |
| Line Input | J1 | Input | 1/8” jack for analog input signal to CS42L51. Up to 2 Vrms signals allowed. |
| MIC | MK1 | Input | Microphone for analog input signal to CS42L51. |
| Headphone | J2 | Output | Headphone or Line - level jack for analog outputs. |
| S/PDIF IN | OPT1 | Input | CS8416 digital audio input via optical cable. |
CRD42L51参考设计为CS42L51低功耗立体声编解码器提供了一个全面且便捷的评估平台。其超小布局、灵活的用户界面以及丰富的功能特性,使得工程师能够快速验证CS42L51的各项功能,为音频产品的设计和开发提供了有力的支持。在实际应用中,工程师可以根据具体需求,利用这些特性进行进一步的优化和拓展。你在使用类似评估板的过程中遇到过哪些问题呢?欢迎在评论区分享交流。
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