电子说
NHD - 0216BZ - FL - YBW是Newhaven Display International推出的一款字符液晶显示模块。从型号来看,“NHD”代表Newhaven Display;“0216”表示该模块有2行,每行可显示16个字符;“BZ”是具体的型号;“F”代表半透反射型;“L”表示采用黄/绿色LED背光;“Y”为STN - 黄/绿色;“B”是6:00视角;“W”意味着宽温度范围,并且该模块符合RoHS标准。
具有2行×16字符的显示能力,能够满足基本的文本显示需求,适用于各种需要显示简单信息的应用场景,比如仪器仪表、小型设备的状态显示等。
内置ST7066U控制器,为模块的稳定运行提供了保障。大家可以从http://www.newhavendisplay.com/app_notes/ST7066U.pdf 下载其详细规格说明,以便深入了解控制器的工作原理和特性。
采用+5.0V电源供电,同时具备1/16 duty和1/5 bias的特性,并且符合RoHS标准,这意味着它在环保方面也达到了一定要求。
| Pin No. | Symbol | External Connection | Function Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VSS | Power Supply | Ground |
| 2 | VDD | Power Supply | Supply Voltage for logic (+5.0V) |
| 3 | V0 | Adj Power Supply | Supply Voltage for contrast (approx. 0.5V) |
| 4 | RS | MPU | Register Select signal. RS = 0: Command, RS = 1: Data |
| 5 | R/W | MPU | Read/Write select signal, R/W = 1: Read R/W: = 0: Write |
| 6 | E | MPU | Operation Enable signal. Falling edge triggered. |
| 7 - 10 | DB0 – DB3 | MPU | Four low order bi - directional three - state data bus lines. These four are not used during 4 - bit operation. |
| 11 - 14 | DB4 – DB7 | MPU | Four high order bi - directional three - state data bus lines. |
| 15 | LED+ | Power Supply | Backlight Anode (+5.0V via on - board resistor) |
| 16 | LED - | Power Supply | Backlight Cathode (Ground) |
推荐使用2.54mm间距的引脚作为LCD连接器,大家在实际设计中要注意引脚的连接,避免出现连接错误导致模块无法正常工作。
| Item | Symbol | Condition | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Temperature Range | TOP | Absolute Max | - 20 | - | +70 | ⁰C |
| Storage Temperature Range | TST | Absolute Max | - 30 | - | +80 | ⁰C |
| Supply Voltage | VDD | - | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.3 | V |
| Supply Current | IDD | VDD = 5.0V | - | 1.5 | 2.5 | mA |
| Supply for LCD (contrast) | VLCD | TOP = 25°C | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.7 | V |
| “H” Level input | VIH | - | 0.7*VDD | - | VDD | V |
| “L” Level input | VIL | - | VSS | - | 0.6 | V |
| “H” Level output | VOH | - | 3.9 | - | VDD | V |
| “L” Level output | VOL | - | VSS | - | 0.4 | V |
| Backlight Supply Voltage | VLED | - | - | 5.0 | - | V |
| Backlight Supply Current | ILED | VLED = 5.0V | 90 | 120 | 130 | mA |
从这些电气特性数据中,我们可以了解到该模块对电源、温度等方面的要求,在设计电路时要确保满足这些条件,以保证模块的正常运行。比如,在不同的温度环境下使用时,要考虑温度对模块电气性能的影响。
| Item | Symbol | Condition | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Unit | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Optimal Viewing Angles | Top | ϕY+ | CR ≥ 2 | - | 40 | - | ⁰ | |
| Bottom | ϕY - | - | 60 | - | ⁰ | |||
| Left | θX - | - | 60 | - | ⁰ | |||
| Right | θX+ | - | 60 | - | ⁰ | |||
| Contrast Ratio | CR | - | 2 | 5 | - | - | ||
| Response Time | Rise | TR | TOP = 25°C | - | 150 | 250 | ms | |
| Fall | TF | - | 200 | 300 | ms |
这些光学特性决定了模块的显示效果,例如最佳视角范围可以帮助我们确定模块的安装位置,以获得最佳的视觉体验。而对比度和响应时间则影响着显示内容的清晰度和动态显示效果。
内置ST7066U控制器,其规格说明可从指定网址下载。了解控制器的特性对于正确使用模块至关重要,大家可以深入研究控制器的功能,以实现更复杂的显示控制。
DDRAM地址有特定的分布,第一行地址为00 - 0F,第二行地址为40 - 4F。在编程时,我们需要根据这些地址来写入和读取显示数据。
| Instruction | Instruction code | Description | 270 KHZ Execution time (fOSC = | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RS | R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 | |||||||||||
| Clear Display | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Write “20H” to DDRAM and set DDRAM address to “00H” from AC | 1.52ms |
| Return Home | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | - | Set DDRAM Address to “00H” from AC and return cursor to its original position if shifted. The contents of DDRAM are not changed. | 1.52ms |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
命令表中包含了各种操作指令及其代码,以及执行时间。在编程控制模块时,我们需要根据实际需求选择合适的命令,例如清屏、设置显示模式等。大家可以思考一下,在不同的应用场景中,如何合理地组合这些命令来实现最佳的显示效果?
| Tc | Enable Cycle Time | Pin E | 1200 | ns | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPW | Enable Pulse Width | Pin E | 140 | ns | ||
| TR,TF | Enable Rise/Fall Time | Pin E | 25 | ns | ||
| TAS | Address Setup Time | Pins: RS,RW,E | 0 | 0 | ns | |
| TAH | Address Hold Time | Pins: RS,RW,E | 10 | - | ns | |
| TDSW | Data Setup Time | Pins: DB0 - DB7 | 40 | - | ns | |
| TH | Data Hold Time | Pins: DB0 - DB7 | 10 | ns |
| Tc | Enable Cycle Time | Pin E | 1200 | 0 | ns | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPW | Enable Pulse Width | Pin E | 140 | ns | ||
| TR,TF | Enable Rise/Fall Time | Pin E | 25 | ns | ||
| TAS | Address Setup Time | Pins: RS,RW,E | 0 | 0 | ns | |
| TAH | Address Hold Time | Pins: RS,RW,E | 10 | ns | ||
| TDDR | Data Setup Time | Pins: DB0 - DB7 | - | 100 | ns | |
| TH | Data Hold Time | Pins: DB0 - DB7 | 10 | ns |
时序特性对于数据的正确传输至关重要,在设计电路和编写程序时,要严格按照这些时序要求来操作,否则可能会出现数据传输错误或显示异常的情况。大家在实际应用中有没有遇到过时序问题呢?是如何解决的?
void command(char i)
{
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 0;
D_I = 0; //D/I = LOW : send instruction
R_W = 0; //R/W = LOW:Write
E = 1;
Delay (1);
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable:falling edge
}
void write(char i) {
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
P1 = i;
R_W = 0; D_I = 1; //D/I = HIGH : send data //R/W = LOW:Write
E = 1;
Delay (1);
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0;
E = 0; //Clock enable: falling edge
}
void init()
{
E = 0;
Delay(100); //Wait >40 msec after power is applied
Delay (100);
command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up
Delay(30);
Delay(30); //must wait 5ms, busy flag not available
command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
Delay (10);
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3
Delay (10);
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
command (0x38);
command(0x38); //Function set: 8 - bit/2 - line
command (0x10); command (0x0c); command (0x06); //Set cursor //Display ON; Cursor ON //Entry mode set
}
void command(char i)
{
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
D_I = 0;
D_I = 0; //D/I = LOW : send instruction
R_W = 0;
Nybble();
i = i < < 4; //R/W = LOW:Write //Send lower 4 bits //Shift over by 4 bits
P1 = i;
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
Nybble(); //Send upper 4 bits
}
void write(char i)
{
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
P1 = i;
R_W = 0;
Nybble();
P1 = i;
D_I = 1;
i = i < < 4; //D/I = HIGH : send data //R/W = LOW: Write //Clock lower 4 bits //Shift over by 4 bits
P1 = i; //put data on output Port
Nybble (); //Clock upper 4 bits
}
void Nybble()
{
E = 1;
Delay (1);
Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns
E = 0; //Clock enable:falling edge
}
void init()
{
P1 = 0; P3 = 0;
Delay (100);
Delay(100); //Wait >40 msec after power is applied
P1 = 0x30; //put 0x30 on the output port
P1 = 0x30;
Delay (30);
Delay(30); //must wait 5ms, busy flag not available
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up
Delay (10);
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
Delay (10);
Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available
Nybble ();
Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3
Delay(10); //can check busy flag now instead of delay
Delay (10);
P1 = 0x20; //put 0x20 on the output port
P1 = 0x20;
Nybble(); //Function set: 4 - bit interface
Nybble ();
command (0x28);
command(0x28); //Function set: 4 - bit/2 - line
command (0x10); //Set cursor
command (0x0F);
command(0x0F); //Display ON; Blinking cursor
command (0x06); //Entry Mode set
}
初始化程序是模块正常工作的基础,不同的初始化方式适用于不同的应用场景。大家可以根据实际需求选择合适的初始化方式,并且可以对初始化程序进行优化,以提高模块的启动速度和稳定性。
| Test Item | Content of Test | Test Condition | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| High Temperature storage | Endurance test applying the high storage temperature for a long time. | +80⁰C , 48hrs | 2 |
| Low Temperature storage | Endurance test applying the low storage temperature for a long time. | -30⁰C , 48hrs | 1,2 |
| …… | …… | …… | …… |
这些质量测试表明了模块在不同环境条件下的可靠性。在实际应用中,我们要根据模块的使用环境来评估其是否能够满足要求。
使用LCDs/LCMs时,要注意查看www.newhavendisplay.com/specs/precautions.pdf 中的注意事项,同时可以了解http://www.newhavendisplay.com/index.php?main_page=terms 的保修信息和条款条件。
总之,NHD - 0216BZ - FL - YBW字符液晶显示模块具有丰富的功能和特性,在设计应用时,我们要充分了解其各项参数和要求,合理使用,以实现最佳的显示效果和稳定性。
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