探索NHD - 0216PZ - FL - YBW字符液晶显示模块

在电子设备的设计中，液晶显示模块是人机交互的重要组成部分。今天，我们就来深入了解一下Newhaven Display International推出的NHD - 0216PZ - FL - YBW字符液晶显示模块，看看它有哪些特性和应用要点。

文件下载：NHD-0216PZ-FL-YBW.pdf

一、产品概述

NHD - 0216PZ - FL - YBW是一款2行×16字符的液晶显示模块，型号编码蕴含了丰富的信息：

• “NHD - ”代表Newhaven Display。
• “0216 - ”表明该模块有2行，每行可显示16个字符。
• “PZ - ”为具体的型号。
• “F - ”表示采用了半透反射技术。
• “L - ”说明配备了黄绿LED背光源。
• “Y - ”代表STN正性、黄绿显示。
• “B - ”表示最佳视角为6点方向。
• “W - ”意味着具备宽温度特性，且符合RoHS标准。

二、功能与特性

2.1 基本功能

该模块内置ST7066U控制器，支持+5.0V电源供电，采用1/16 duty、1/5 bias的驱动方式，并且符合RoHS标准。

2.2 机械设计

机械设计方面，相关信息属于Newhaven Display International的专有财产，未经许可不得复制、再现或披露。

2.3 引脚说明与接线图

Pin No.	Symbol	External Connection	Function Description
1	VSS	Power Supply	Ground
2	VDD	Power Supply	Supply Voltage for logic (+5.0V)
3	V0	Adj. Power Supply	Power supply for contrast (approx. 0.6V)
4	RS	MPU	Register Select signal. RS = 0: Command, RS = 1: Data
5	R/W	MPU	Read/Write select signal, R/W = 1: Read R/W: = 0: Write
6	E	MPU	Operation Enable signal. Falling edge triggered.
7 - 10	DB0 – DB3	MPU	Four low order bi - directional three - state data bus lines. These four are not used during 4 - bit operation.
11 - 14	DB4 – DB7	MPU	Four high order bi - directional three - state data bus lines.
15	LED+	Power Supply	Backlight Anode (+5.0V via on - board resistor)
16	LED -	Power Supply	Backlight Cathode (Ground)

推荐使用2.54mm间距的引脚作为LCD连接器。

三、电气与光学特性

3.1 电气特性

Item	Symbol	Condition	Min.	Typ.	Max.	Unit
Operating Temperature Range	TOP	Absolute Max	- 20	-	+70	⁰C
Storage Temperature Range	TST	Absolute Max	- 30	-	+80	⁰C
Supply Voltage	VDD	-	4.8	5.0	5.2	V
Supply Current	IDD	VDD = 5.0V	1.0	1.5	2.5	mA
Supply for LCD (contrast)	VLCD	TOP = 25°C	4.2	4.4	4.6	V
“H” Level input	VIH	-	0.7*VDD	-	VDD	V
“L” Level input	VIL	-	VSS	-	0.6	V
“H” Level output	VOH	-	3.9	-	VDD	V
“L” Level output	VOL	-	VSS	-	0.4	V
Backlight Supply Voltage	VLED	-	4.8	5.0	5.2	V
Backlight Supply Current	ILED	VLED = 5.0V	110	120	130	mA

3.2 光学特性

Item			Symbol	Condition	Min.	Typ.	Max.	Unit
Optimal Viewing Angles	Top		ϕY+	CR ≥ 2	-	40	-	⁰
Bottom		ϕY -	-	60	-	⁰
Left		θX -	-	60	-	⁰
Right			θX+	-	60	-	⁰
Contrast Ratio			CR	-	2	5	-	-
Response Time	Rise		TR	TOP = 25°C	-	150	250	ms
	Fall		TF	-	200	300	ms

四、控制器信息

模块内置ST7066U控制器，其规格书可从http://www.newhavendisplay.com/app_notes/ST7066U.pdf下载。DDRAM地址分配如下：	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	14
							00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F
							40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F

五、指令表

Instruction	Instruction code											Description	270 KHZ Execution time (fOSC =
RS										R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0
Clear Display	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		0	0	1	Write “20H” to DDRAM and set DDRAM address to “00H” from AC	1.52ms
Return Home	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		0	1	-	Set DDRAM Address to “00H” from AC and return cursor to its original position if shifted. The contents of DDRAM are not changed.	1.52ms
Entry mode Set	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		1	I/D	SH	Sets cursor move direction and specifies display shift. These parameters are performed during data write and read.	37µs
Display ON/ OFF control	0	0	0	0	0	0	1		D	C	B	D = 1: Entire display on C = 1: Cursor on B = 1: Blinking cursor on	37µs
Cursor or Display shift	0	0	0	0	0	1		S/C	R/L	-	-	Sets cursor moving and display shift control bit, and the direction without changing DDRAM data.	37µs
Function set	0	0	0	0	1	DL	N		F	-	-	DL: Interface data is 8/4 bits N: Number of lines is 2/1 F: Font size is 5x11/5x8	37µs
Set CGRAM Address	0	0	0	1							AC5 AC4 AC3 AC2 AC1 AC0	Set CGRAM address in address counter	37µs
Set DDRAM Address	0	0	1								AC6 AC5 AC4 AC3 AC2 AC1 AC0	Set DDRAM address in address counter.	37µs
Read busy Flag and Address	0	1	BF								AC6 AC5 AC4 AC3 AC2 AC1 AC0	Whether during internal operation or not can be known by reading BF. The contents of address counter can also be read.	0s
Write data To Address	1	0	D7	D6	D5	D4		D3	D2	D1	D0	Write data into internal RAM (DDRAM/CGRAM).	37µs
Read data From RAM	1	1	D7	D6	D5	D4		D3	D2	D1	D0	Read data from internal RAM (DDRAM/CGRAM).	37µs

六、时序特性

6.1 从MPU向ST7066U写入数据

Tc	Enable Cycle Time	Pin E	1200			ns
TPW	Enable Pulse Width	Pin E	140			ns
TR,TF	Enable Rise/Fall Time	Pin E			25	ns
TAS	Address Setup Time	Pins: RS,RW,E	0	0		ns
TAH	Address Hold Time	Pins: RS,RW,E	10	-		ns
TDSW	Data Setup Time	Pins: DB0 - DB7	40	-		ns
TH	Data Hold Time	Pins: DB0 - DB7	10			ns

6.2 从ST7066U向MPU读取数据

Tc	Enable Cycle Time	Pin E	1200		0	ns
TPW	Enable Pulse Width	Pin E	140			ns
TR,TF	Enable Rise/Fall Time	Pin E			25	ns
TAS	Address Setup Time	Pins: RS,RW,E	0	0		ns
TAH	Address Hold Time	Pins: RS,RW,E	10			ns
TDDR	Data Setup Time	Pins: DB0 - DB7		-	100	ns
TH	Data Hold Time	Pins: DB0 - DB7	10			ns

七、内置字体表

文档中给出了内置字体表，但由于内容呈现较为复杂，这里就不详细列出了。大家在实际使用中可以参考文档中的具体内容。

八、初始化程序示例

8.1 8位初始化

void command(char i) 
{ 
    P1 = i; //put data on output Port
    D_I = 0;
    D_I = 0; //D/I = LOW : send instruction 
    R_W = 0; //R/W = LOW:Write
    E = 1;
    Delay (1);
    Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns 
    E = 0; //Clock enable:falling edge
}

void write(char i) { 
    P1 = i; //put data on output Port 
    P1 = i;
    R_W = 0; 
    D_I = 1; //D/I = HIGH : send data //R/W = LOW:Write
    E = 1; 
    Delay (1);
    Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns 
    E = 0;
    E = 0; //Clock enable: falling edge 
} 

void init() 
{
    E = 0; 
    Delay(100); //Wait >40 msec after power is applied 
    Delay (100);
    command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up
    Delay(30);
    Delay(30); //must wait 5ms, busy flag not available 
    command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
    Delay (10);
    Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available 
    command (0x30); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3
    Delay (10);
    Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available 
    command (0x38);
    command(0x38); //Function set: 8 - bit/2 - line 
    command (0x10); 
    command (0x0c); 
    command (0x06); //Set cursor //Display ON; Cursor ON //Entry mode set
}

8.2 4位初始化

void command(char i) 
{
    P1 = i; //put data on output Port
    D_I = 0;
    D_I = 0; //D/I = LOW : send instruction 
    R_W = 0; 
    Nybble(); 
    i = i < < 4; //R/W = LOW:Write //Send lower 4 bits //Shift over by 4 bits
    P1 = i;
    P1 = i; //put data on output Port 
    Nybble(); //Send upper 4 bits
}

void write(char i) 
{ 
    P1 = i; //put data on output Port 
    P1 = i;
    R_W = 0; 
    Nybble(); 
    P1 = i; 
    D_I = 1; 
    i = i < < 4; //D/I = HIGH : send data //R/W = LOW: Write //Clock lower 4 bits //Shift over by 4 bits
    P1 = i; //put data on output Port 
    Nybble (); //Clock upper 4 bits
}

void Nybble() 
{
    E = 1; 
    Delay (1);
    Delay(1); //enable pulse width >= 300ns 
    E = 0; //Clock enable:falling edge
}

void init() 
{
    P1 = 0; 
    P3 = 0; 
    Delay (100);
    Delay(100); //Wait >40 msec after power is applied 
    P1 = 0x30; //put 0x30 on the output port 
    P1 = 0x30;
    Delay (30);
    Delay(30); //must wait 5ms, busy flag not available 
    Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up
    Delay (10);
    Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available 
    Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up #2
    Delay (10);
    Delay(10); //must wait 160us, busy flag not available 
    Nybble ();
    Nybble(); //command 0x30 = Wake up #3 
    Delay(10); //can check busy flag now instead of delay 
    Delay (10);
    P1 = 0x20; //put 0x20 on the output port 
    P1 = 0x20;
    Nybble(); //Function set: 4 - bit interface 
    Nybble ();
    command (0x28);
    command(0x28); //Function set: 4 - bit/2 - line 
    command (0x10); //Set cursor
    command (0x0F);
    command(0x0F); //Display ON; Blinking cursor 
    command (0x06); //Entry Mode set
}

九、质量信息与使用注意事项

9.1 质量测试

Test Item	Content of Test	Test Condition	Note
High Temperature storage	Endurance test applying the high storage temperature for a long time.	+80⁰C , 48hrs	2
Low Temperature storage	Endurance test applying the low storage temperature for a long time.	-