LPC540xx是基于ARM Cortex-M4的32位微控制器

电子工程师 2019-05-01 2353

控制/MCU

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描述

　　nxp公司的LPC540xx系列是基于ARM Cortex-M4的32位微控制器，采用3级流水线，具有单独本地指令和数据总线哈佛架构以及用于外设的第三总线，支持分支操作的内部预取单元，处理器工作频率180 MHz，单电源1.71V-3.6V工作，主要用在物联网（IoT）。本文介绍了LPC540xx系列主要特性和优势，框图，以及IoT模块OM40007主要特性，电路图和材料清单。

　　The LPC540xx is a family of ARM Cortex-M4 based microcontrollers for embedded　applications featuring a rich peripheral set with very low power consumption and　enhanced debug features.

　　The ARM Cortex-M4 is a 32-bit core that offers system enhancements such as low power　consumption， enhanced debug features， and a high level of support block integration. The　ARM Cortex-M4 CPU incorporates a 3-stage pipeline， uses a Harvard architecture with　separate local instruction and data buses as well as a third bus for peripherals， andincludes an internal prefetch unit that supports speculative branching. The ARM　Cortex-M4 supports single-cycle digital signal processing and SIMD instructions. A　hardware floating-point processor is integrated into the core.

　　The LPC540xx family includes 360 KB of on-chip SRAM， a quad SPI Flash Interface　（SPIFI） for expanding program memory， one high-speed and one full-speed USB host and　device controller， Ethernet AVB， LCD controller， Smart Card Interfaces， SD/MMC， CAN　FD， an External Memory Controller （EMC）， a DMIC subsystem with PDM microphone　interface and I2S， five general-purpose timers， SCTimer/PWM， RTC/alarm timer，　Multi-Rate Timer （MRT）， a Windowed Watchdog Timer （WWDT）， ten flexible serial　communication peripherals （USART， SPI， I2S， I2C interface）， Secure Hash Algorithm　（SHA）， 12-bit 5.0 Msamples/sec ADC， and a temperature sensor.

　　LPC540xx系列主要特性和优势：

　　 ARM Cortex-M4 core （version r0p1）：

　　 ARM Cortex-M4 processor， running at a frequency of up to 180 MHz.

　　 Floating Point Unit （FPU） and Memory Protection Unit （MPU）。

　　 ARM Cortex-M4 built-in Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller （NVIC）。

　　 Non-maskable Interrupt （NMI） input with a selection of sources.

　　 Serial Wire Debug （SWD） with six instruction breakpoints， two literal comparators，and four watch points. Includes Serial Wire Output and ETM Trace for enhancedde　bug capabilities， and a debug timestamp counter.

　　 System tick timer.

　　 On-chip memory：

　　 Up to 360 KB total SRAM consisting of 160 KB contiguous main SRAM and an　additional 192 KB SRAM on the I&D buses. 8 KB of SRAM bank intended for USB　traffic.

　　 General-purpose One-Time Programmable （OTP） memory for user application　specific data

　　 ROM API support：

　　 In-Application Programming （IAP） and In-System Programming （ISP）。

　　 ROM-based USB drivers （HID， CDC， MSC， and DFU）。

　　 Supports serial interface booting （UART， I2C， SPI） from an application processor，　automated booting from NOR flash （quad SPIFI， 8/16/32-bit external parallel flash），and USB booting （full-speed， high-speed）。

　　 FRO API for selecting FRO output frequency.

　　 OTP API for programming OTP memory.

　　 Random Number Generator （RNG） API.

　　 Execute in place （XIP） from SPIFI NOR flash （in quad， dual SPIFI mode or single-bit SPI mode）， and parallel NOR flash.

　　 Serial interfaces：

　　 Flexcomm Interface contains up to 11 serial peripherals. Each Flexcomm Interface（exceptflexcomm 10， which is dedicated for SPI） can be selected by software to bea USART， SPI， or I2C interface. Two Flexcomm Interfaces also include an I2Sinterface. Each Flexcomm Interface includes a FIFO that supports USART， SPI，and I2S if supported by that Flexcomm Interface. A variety of clocking options areavailable to each Flexcomm Interface and include a shared fractional baud-rategenerator.

　　 I2C-bus interfaces support Fast-mode and Fast-mode Plus with data rates of up to　1Mbit/s and with multiple address recognition and monitor mode. Two sets of trueI2C pads also support High Speed Mode （3.4 Mbit/s） as a slave.

　　 Two ISO 7816 Smart Card Interfaces with DMA support.

　　 USB 2.0 high-speed host/device controller with on-chip high-speed PHY.

　　 USB 2.0 full-speed host/device controller with on-chip PHY and dedicated DMA　controller supporting crystal-less operation in device mode using software library.

　　 SPIFI with XIP feature uses up to four data lines to access off-chip SPI/DSPI/QSPI　flash memory at a much higher rate than standard SPI or SSP interfaces.

　　 Ethernet MAC with MII/RMII interface with Audio Video Bridging （AVB） support and　dedicated DMA controller.

　　 Two CAN FD modules with dedicated DMA controller.

　　 Digital peripherals：

　　 DMA controller with 32 channels and up to 24 programmable triggers， able to　access all memories and DMA-capable peripherals.

　　 LCD Controller supporting both Super-Twisted Nematic （STN） and Thin-Film　Transistor （TFT） displays. It has a dedicated DMA controller， selectable display　resolution （up to 1024 x 768 pixels）， and supports up to 24-bit true-color mode.

　　 External Memory Controller （EMC） provides support for asynchronous static　memory devices such as RAM， ROM and flash， in addition to dynamic memories　such as single data rate SDRAM with an SDRAM clock of up to 100 MHz. EMC bus　width （bit） on TFBGA180， TFBGA100， and LQFP100 packages supports up to 8/16　data line wide static memory.

　　 Secured digital input/output （SD/MMC and SDIO） card interface with DMA support.

　　 CRC engine block can calculate a CRC on supplied data using one of three　standard polynomials with DMA support.

　　 Up to 171 General-Purpose Input/Output （GPIO） pins.

　　 GPIO registers are located on the AHB for fast access. The DMA supports GPIO　ports.

　　 Up to eight GPIOs can be selected as Pin Interrupts （PINT）， triggered by rising，falling or both input edges.

　　 Two GPIO Grouped Interrupts （GINT） enable an interrupt based on a logical（AND/OR） combination of input states.

　　 Analog peripherals：

　　 12-bit ADC with 12 input channels and with multiple internal and external trigger　inputs and sample rates of up to 5.0 MSamples/sec. The ADC supports two　independent conversion sequences.

　　 Integrated temperature sensor connected to the ADC.

　　 DMIC subsystem includes a dual-channel PDM microphone interface with decimators，filtering， and hardware voice activity detection. The processed output data can berouted directly to an I2S interface if needed.

　　 Timers：

　　 Five 32-bit general purpose timers/counters. All five timers support up to fourcapture inputs and four compare outputs， PWM mode， and external count input.Specific timer events can be selected to generate DMA requests.

　　 One SCTimer/PWM with eight input and ten output functions （including capture and　match）。 Inputs and outputs can be routed to or from external pins and internally toor from selected peripherals. Internally， the SCTimer/PWM supports 16match/captures， 16 events， and 16 states.

　　 32-bit Real-time clock （RTC） with 1 s resolution running in the always-on powerdomain. A timer in the RTC can be used for wake-up from all low power modesincluding deep power-down， with 1 ms resolution.

　　 Multiple-channel multi-rate 24-bit timer （MRT） for repetitive interrupt generation atup to four programmable， fixed rates.

　　 Windowed Watchdog Timer （WWDT）。

　　 Repetitive Interrupt Timer （RIT） for debug time stamping and for general purposeuse.

　　 Security features：

　　 Secure Hash Algorithm （SHA1/SHA2） module supports boot with dedicated DMA　controller.

　　 Clock generation：

　　 12 MHz internal Free Running Oscillator （FRO）。 This oscillator provides aselectable 48 MHz or 96 MHz output， and a 12 MHz output （divided down from theselected higher frequency） that can be used as a system clock. The FRO istrimmed to 1 % accuracy over the entire voltage and temperature range.

　　 Crystal oscillator with an operating range of 1 MHz to 25 MHz.

　　 Watchdog Oscillator （WDTOSC） with a frequency range of 6 kHz to 1.5 MHz.

　　 32.768 kHz low-power RTC oscillator.

　　 System PLL allows CPU operation up to the maximum CPU rate and can run from　the main oscillator， the internal FRO， the watchdog oscillator or the 32.768 KHz　RTC oscillator.

　　 Two additional PLLs for USB clock and audio subsystem.

　　 Independent clocks for the SPIFI interface， ADC， USBs， and the audio subsystem.

　　 Clock output function with divider.

　　 Frequency measurement unit for measuring the frequency of any on-chip oroff-chip clock signal.

　　 Power control：

　　 Programmable PMU （Power Management Unit） to minimize power consumption　and to match requirements at different performance levels.

　　 Reduced power modes： sleep， deep-sleep， and deep power-down.

　　 Wake-up from deep-sleep modes due to activity on the USART， SPI， and I2C　peripherals when operating as slaves.

　　 Ultra-low power Micro-tick Timer， running from the Watchdog oscillator that can be　used to wake up the device from low power modes.

　　 Power-On Reset （POR）。

　　 Brown-Out Detect （BOD） with separate thresholds for interrupt and forced reset.

　　 Single power supply 1.71 V to 3.6 V.

　　 Power-On Reset （POR）。

　　 Brown-Out Detect （BOD） with separate thresholds for interrupt and forced reset.

　　 JTAG boundary scan supported.

　　 128 bit unique device serial number for identification.

　　 Operating temperature range 40℃ to +105℃。

　　 Available in TFBGA180， TFBGA100， LQFP208， and LQFP100 packages.

ARM

　　图1.LPC540xx系列框图

　　LPC54018 IoT模块OM40007

　　OM40007： LPC54018 IoT Module for the LPC540xx family of MCUs

　　The LPC54018 IoT module， developed by NXP in partnership with Embedded Artists， is　self-contained， high performance， IEEE802.11 enabled microcontroller module for the　development of products utilizing Amazon FreeRTOS or other IoT platforms. The module　can be used as a standalone or plugged into a motherboard or baseboard for rapid　product development and prototyping.

　　The IoT module baseboard （part number OM40006） is jointly developed by NXP and　Embedded Artists. It provides several on-board peripherals for rapid prototyping and　evaluation. The on-board peripherals include SDRAM， LCD with touchscreen， audio　CODEC， digital microphone， Ethernet PHY， micro SD card slot and Arduino UNO　expansion connectors. The baseboard also includes an on-board debug probe. See　 or visit for　more information on this board.

　　图2.IoT模块OM40007外形图

　　IoT模块OM40007主要特性：

　　• Amazon FreeRTOS enabled， ready for use in designs powered by AWS

　　•LPC54018 power-efficient Microcontroller Units （MCUs） with advanced peripheralsbased on Arm® Cortex®-M4 Core， running at 180 MHz

　　• High speed USB device port

　　• Longsys IEEE802.11b/g/n module based on Qualcomm GT1216

　　• Macronix 128 Mb flash （MX25L12835FM2）

　　• User LED

　　• External debug probe connector can be used to connect NXP （LPC-Link2）， SEGGER，P&E Micro， and other popular ARM Cortex compatible probes

　　• Reset button

ARM