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智能家居的低功耗无线
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智能家居的低功耗无线
随着无线系统成本和电力供应的减少，智能家居自动化系统越来越流行。
家庭自动化系统的设计者们正在寻找无线网络来提供他们所需要的控制和监控，以降低成本和降低功耗。有许多不同的技术，旨在提供这种能力，从802.15.4 ZigBee无线网，通过802.11b/g无线专有协议如Sigma Designs的Z-Wave。
工艺技术的最新发展使集成度更高，允许高性能微控制器与射频收发器一起坐在单芯片设备中，大大简化了设计过程。此外，低功耗设计技术将设备的功耗降低到低成本单按钮电池供电甚至从环境中获取能量的水平。所有这些都为设计者提供了各种各样的选择，以开发下一代智能的、连接的家庭自动化系统，这些系统可以用多种不同的方式进行访问和控制。
ZigBee
ZigBee has been developed with home automation specifically in mind. With over 300 certified products， it aims to provide a global market within the unlicensed 2.4 GHz band so that equipment makers can benefit from economies of scale and low cost， low power architecture. There are eight separate protocols currently being used （see Table 1） with two more being developed to extend the mesh networking approach behind the ZigBee protocol into many different areas.
This mesh approach allows each node to pass information through the network， increasing the range and connectivity at the expense of lower data throughput. This reduces the performance requirements of the RF front end and the memory and processing requirements of the controllers， allowing the nodes to be compact and low cost. This combination of low cost and medium data throughput makes it much more suited to control and automation applications rather than data streaming or large file transfers.
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