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最佳光度照明设计
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2017-05-13
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最佳光度照明设计
一个照明设计师可以原谅，认为选择一个灯具的LED的数量是简单的，但事实并非如此。虽然制造商提供准确的光度数据为他们的设备在一个给定的结温和正向电压/电流，在任何给定的应用程序的实际输出可以由许多其他因素的影响。
通过了解这些因素，设计师可以在设计过程的每一个阶段作出一个深思熟虑的选择，以确保产品中使用的每一个LED提供最佳的亮度，功效，寿命和成本之间的权衡。仔细设计将优化给定规格所需的LED数量，降低产品的复杂性、尺寸和成本。本文通过读者的设计过程中的主要步骤，并描述了每个对最终产品的性能的影响。
Meeting the benchmark
LED lighting products fall into two camps： A retrofit， where the designer is challenged with bringing the benefit of LEDs to existing form factors such as the popular MR16 （see the TechZone article “LEDs Address Drawbacks of Halogen MR16 Fixtures”）， and those where the designer is given a free hand to come up with a complete luminaire， such as a light engine plus fixture. This second option generally results in better electrical， optical and thermal performance than a retrofit because the designer is not constrained by the limitations of the existing fixture’s form factor. This article focuses on this option.
In the majority of instances， the luminaire is designed to replace existing lighting or target a standard application. Each case provides the designer with a benchmark for the new product’s electrical and optical performance which in turn makes it much easier to set the luminosity， efficacy （defined in this article as luminous flux （lm）/electrical power （W））， and lifetime and cost design goals. Once these goals are fixed， the designer can narrow down his choice （and number） of LEDs and associated LED driver needed to meet them. LED selection is a critical design decision since it directly affects luminosity， power consumption， heat generation， complexity， size， and cost.
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