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天线的选择取决于许多因素

消耗积分:0 | 格式:rar | 大小:0.10 MB | 2017-07-17

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  天线的选择取决于许多因素

  今天,几乎每一个移动设备都至少有一个内部天线,许多设备有三个或更多的功能,为GPS、Wi-Fi、蓝牙、ZigBee等功能提供无线通信,当然还有手机(CDMA、GSM、3G、LTE 4G、WiMax等)。在典型的单信道系统中,发送和接收路径被多路复用到天线(图1)。然而,也可以在同一接收机上使用多个天线来利用“天线分集”,其中信号处理选择更强的信号以改善接收。此外,使用MIMO(多输入/多输出)无线电将增加更多的天线的混合,每个接收/发送频道运动自己的天线(例如,一个2×2 MIMO系统将有四个天线)。

  天线的选择取决于许多因素

  Figure 1: A typical radio subsystem has the transmit side and receive portion of the system connected to the antenna through a diplexer. (Courtesy of Johanson Technology.)

  Although antennas are an essential element in almost every portable device, the selection of the antenna is often left to the end of the system design, and designers end up trying to fit the antenna or antenna array into whatever space is available. In some systems, the antennas are part of the traces etched on system’s printed-circuit board (PCB), or mounted on the PCB as a chip component (Figure 2)。 In other designs (Figure 3) the antenna is part of the RF module’s package, and in yet other designs, the antenna is part of the system housing (like the antenna embedded in the case of Apple’s iPhone 4)。

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