Introduction 3 Signal Requirements for Analog to Digital Converters 3 I. OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS: Review of Theory 3 Feedback Control Theory 3 Feedback and the Operational Amplifier Bode Plot 5 Amplifier Configurations and Feedback 7 Some Other Error Sources 8 Noise and its Effects on Measurement 11 Settling Time 14 II. THE CS5016 A/D CONVERTER INPUT STRUCTURE 15 III. EXAMPLE BUFFER CIRCUITS 18 Buffer Circuit Test Method 18 Benefits of an RC Isolation Network 18 ±5 Volt Supply Op Amp Circuits 19 ±15 Volt Supply Op Amp Circuits 19 Achieving ±4.5 Volt Output with ±5 Volt Supplies 20 An Instrumentation Amplifier Circuit 20 Signal Limiting Circuits 20 Voltage Clamping via the Compensation Pin 22 A Novel Method to Aid Current Limiting 22 List of References 24