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H.264 video compression standard.
New possibilities within video surveillance.
Table of contents
1. I ntroduction 3
2. Development of H.264 3
3. H ow video compression works 4
4. H .264 profiles and levels 5
5. Understanding frames 5
6. Basic methods of reducing data 6
7. E fficiency of H.264 7
8. Conclusion 9
Introduction
The latest video compression standard, H.264 (also known as MPEG-4 Part 10/AVC for Advanced Video
Coding), is expected to become the video standard of choice in the coming years.
H.264 is an open, licensed standard that supports the most efficient video compression techniques available
today. Without compromising image quality, an H.264 encoder can reduce the size of a digital video file by
more than 80% compared with the Motion JPEG format and as much as 50% more than with the MPEG-4
Part 2 standard. This means that much less network bandwidth and storage space are required for a video
file. Or seen another way, much higher video quality can be achieved for a given bit rate.
Jointly defined by standardization organizations in the telecommunications and IT industries, H.264 is
expected to be more widely adopted than previous standards.
H.264 has already been introduced in new electronic gadgets such as mobile phones and digital video
players, and has gained fast acceptance by end users. Service providers such as online video storage and
telecommunications companies are also beginning to adopt H.264.
In the video surveillance industry, H.264 will most likely find the quickest traction in applications where
there are demands for high frame rates and high resolution, such as in the surveillance of highways,
airports and casinos, where the use of 30/25 (NTSC/PAL) frames per second is the norm. This is where
the economies of reduced bandwidth and storage needs will deliver the biggest savings.
H.264 is also expected to accelerate the adoption of megapixel cameras since the highly efficient
compression technology can reduce the large file sizes and bit rates generated without compromising
image quality. There are tradeoffs, however. While H.264 provides savings in network bandwidth and
storage costs, it will require higher performance network cameras and monitoring stations.
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