反孤岛和智能电网的保护
防孤岛保护是必不可少的,以确保电网绑能量收集系统切断其连接到电网时,电网本身失去电力。然而,在电网中的功率损耗的识别是具有挑战性的,需要一种方法能够找到正确的平衡,在电网的正常波动和电网故障响应的敏感性之间的平衡。工程师建筑并网逆变器可以利用组合的关键设计方法和可用的组件生产商包括模拟设备,飞思卡尔半导体芯片技术,半导体,TE连接实现可靠的防孤岛保护、德克萨斯文书,其中。
小规模的能源收集可以提供足够的功率水平,足以满足个别建筑物的需求,并仍然多余的权力回馈给电网信贷。随着这种类型的分布式发电,但是,电网中的功率损失,可以创建一个危险的情况时,太阳能电池阵列或风力涡轮机,例如,继续提供电源。在这种情况下,能量收集系统成为海岛电力输送到动力网格。防孤岛保护提供了机制,以防止这些权力岛屿的发生,打破了能量收集系统和电网之间的连接时,电网变暗。
防孤岛保护是非常重要的,具体的能力和规格的反孤岛需要在美国和其他国家与发达的电网系统。孤岛不仅造成公用设施维修人员处于危险之中,有源岛也使电网恢复过程复杂化。
Power loss detection
Determining when the grid has lost power can be a significant challenge in many circumstances. On casual inspection of a typical grid-tied energy harvesting system, the loss of power from the grid would seem to be quickly evident (Figure 1)。 In some cases, however, the local load can present characteristics that result in only very small changes in active and reactive power when the grid loses power. As a result, an inverter would not be able to detect the difference and so would continue supplying power to the unpowered grid, resulting in an islanding condition. On the other hand, an inverter that repeatedly disconnected itself when the grid continued to provide power would reduce its amount of returned power—and reduce opportunities for revenue for its owners.
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