江铃全顺轻型客车液压悬置系统隔振特性研究

江铃全顺轻型客车液压悬置系统隔振特性研究
The study on the vibration isolation characteristic of JX493ZQ Hydraulic Mount System

有效地隔离发动机的振动向车架的传递是汽车设计的一个重要问题，其对整车
舒适性和噪声水平有决定性的影响。液压悬置作为悬置元件，在汽车上应用越来越
多。本文结合江铃汽车集团公司课题<全顺轻型客车发动机液压悬置系统>开展研
究，本文的主要研究工作和结果为：
1.在阅读大量国内外参考文献的基础上，对发动机动力总成液压悬置元件的发
展进行了系统的总结，并根据其结构进行了科学分类，较为详尽地阐述了各种液压
悬置的工作原理，性能特点,并指出了其不足之处，以及今后的发展方向。对液压悬
置系统的发展历史也作了简要的回顾，并指出了它的发展趋势。
2.结合液压悬置样件就其结构和工作原理进行较详细的分析，然后给出其动特
性的定义。
3.建立了液压悬置的等效力学模型和橡胶悬置的力学模型，在此基础上建立了
动力总成6 自由度的力学模型。分析了发动机激励的特点，运用Newmark 法进行了
动力总成液压悬置系统稳态振动响应和瞬态工况，如汽车制动、转弯、路过不平路
面和发动机起动等工况下动力总成的瞬态响应计算，绘制了在此工况下动力总成质
心的振动响应曲线以及前左液压悬置、后橡胶悬置的动反力曲线，以及稳态工况下
各悬置点上下加速度与频率的关系曲线， 最后还计算出动力总成液压悬置系统的振
动传递率曲线。
4.通过实验对动力总成的基本参数进行了测试，分别对动力总成重心的确定和
质量惯性矩的计算进行了简要的介绍，最后给出实验结果。
5.针对江铃JX493ZQ 动力总成液压悬置系统开展了动力总成刚体六阶模态测试
和动力总成悬置系统隔振特性测试，研究了江铃全顺原车液压悬置系统的隔振特性
并进行了分析，为以后产品的开发提供了有价值的参考依据。

第一章 绪论··················································································································1
1.1 动力总成悬置的理想动特性········································································1
1.2 动力总成悬置元件的发展历史····································································2
1.3 动力总成悬置系统的发展历史····································································7
1.4 本文的研究内容和意义··············································································10
第二章 液压悬置的结构和工作原理··················································12
2.1 引言·············································································································12
2.2 液压悬置的结构和工作原理分析·····························································13
2.2.1 结构分析······························································································14
2.2.2 工作原理································································································16
2.3 液压悬置动特性的定义·············································································16
2.4 本章小结······································································································17
第三章 动力总成液压悬置系统的建模及响应分析·························18
3.1 液压悬置等效模型的建立·········································································18
3.2 橡胶悬置模型的建立·················································································21
3.3 动力总成液压悬置系统的建模 ·····························································22
3.4 发动机激励分析·························································································28
3.5 动力总成液压悬置系统稳态振动响应分析··············································29
3.6 动力总成液压悬置系统瞬态振动响应分析··············································32
3.6.1 发动机起动时动力总成瞬态振动响应分析·········································32
3.6.2 汽车制动时动力总成瞬态振动响应分析·············································34
3.6.3 汽车转弯时动力总成瞬态振动响应分析·············································35
3.6.4 汽车通过不平路面时动力总成瞬态振动响应分析·····························36
3.7 动力总成液压悬置系统的振动传递率计算··············································37
3.8 本章小结·····································································································39
第四章 动力总成基本参数测试··························································40
4.1 引言·············································································································40
4.2 重心位置的确定··························································································40
4.3 质量惯性矩的计算······················································································43
4.4 实验结果······································································································51
第五章 动力总成-液压悬置系统隔振特性试验研究························52
5.1 概述············································································································52
5.2 动力总成刚体六阶模态测试·····································································53
5.2.1 实验仪器连接框图·················································································53
5.2.2 实验方法及步骤·····················································································54
5.2.3 分析与讨论·····························································································56
5.3 动力总成悬置系统隔振特性测试·····························································57